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Taxonomy of the genus Causus Biodiversity of the family Viperidae

Bibliography of the genus
Causus (Night Adders)

(Reptilia: Serpentes: Viperidae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Causus in general

Bouillon, A. 1965. Serpentes danger! Zooleo 2: 1-76.

Broadley, D.G. 1957. Snakes of Southern Rhodesia. 3. The night adders - genus Causus. African Wild Life 11: 115-118.

Hoser, R.T. 2013. A new species of night adder (Serpentes: Viperidae) from central Africa. Australasian Journal of Herpetology 19: 32-35.

Ineich, I.; Bonnet, X.; Shine, R.; Shine, T.; Brischoux, F.; LeBreton, M.; Chirio, L. 2006. What, if anything, is a 'typical' viper? Biological attributes of basal viperid snakes (genus Causus Wagler, 1830). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 89(4): 575-588.

Laubscher, H.H. 1957. Snake bite: A case report. South African Medical Journal 31: 102-103.

Mann, Q. 1997. Near-hypnotic fascination. Africa Birds & Birding 2(3): 16.

Rasmussen, J.B. 2005. On the identification and distribution of the Two-Striped Night Adder (Causus bilineatus) and related forms. African Journal of Herpetology 54(1): 1-15.

Reece, P.J. 1958. Snake observations. African Wild Life 12: 77.

Causus bilineatus

Broadley, D.G. 1962. The lined night-adder (Causus lineatus). Journal of the Herpetological Association of Rhodesia 17-18: 5.

Laurent, R.F. 1955. Diagnoses preliminaires de quelques serpents venimeux. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaine (Bruxelles) 51: 127-139.

Rasmussen, J.B. 2005. On the identification and distribution of the Two-Striped Night Adder (Causus bilineatus) and related forms. African Journal of Herpetology 54(1): 1-15.

Causus defilippii

Botha, A.S. 1984. Hatching of snouted night adder (Causus defillippii) eggs. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 30(1): 21.

Marais, J. 1981. Case history of snouted night adder bite. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 26(1): 6-7.

Causus lichtensteinii

Akani, G.C.; Luiselli, L.; Tooze, Z.; Angelici, F.M.; Corti, C.; Zuffi, M.A.L. 2001. The ecological distribution of Causus Wagler 1830 (Viperidae) in Nigeria, with special reference to C. resimus (Peters 1862) and C. lichtensteini (Jan 1859), two species rarely recorded from this country. Tropical Zoology 14(1): 185-195.

Pauwels, O.S.G.; Essono, T.B.B.; Carlino, P.; Chirio, L.; Huijbregts, B.; Leuteritz, T.E.J.; Rousseaux, D.; Tobi, E.; Vigna, C.; Neer, W. van 2017. Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica VII. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 52(1): 1-7.

Pauwels, O.S.G.; Garff, B. le; Ineich, I.; Carlino, P.; Melcore, I.; Boundenga, L.; Vigna, C.; Stévart, T.; Jeffery, K.; Orbell, C.; Squarcini, J.B.; Vande weghe, J.P.; White, L. 2016. Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica V & VI. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 51(11): 177-185.

Causus maculatus

Akani, G.C.; Luiselli, L.; Tooze, Z.; Angelici, F.M.; Corti, C.; Zuffi, M.A.L. 2001. The ecological distribution of Causus Wagler 1830 (Viperidae) in Nigeria, with special reference to C. resimus (Peters 1862) and C. lichtensteini (Jan 1859), two species rarely recorded from this country. Tropical Zoology 14(1): 185-195.

Eniang, E.A.; Ebin, C.O.; Luiselli, L. 2002. On the composition of the snake fauna of Okwangwo division of Cross River National Park, a hilly forest-savanna transition zone in south-eastern Nigeria (Squamata: Serpentes). Herpetozoa 15(1-2): 79-82.

Freedman, A.H.; Buermann, W.; LeBreton, M.; Chirio, L.; Smith, T.B. 2009. Modeling the effects of anthropogenic habitat change on savanna snake invasions into African rainforest. Conservation Biology 23(1): 81-92.

Hughes, B. 1978. Latitudinal clines and ecogeography of the west African night adder, Causus maculatus (Hallowell, 1842), Serpentes, Viperidae. Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire Serie A Sciences Naturelles 39(2) [1977]: 358-384.

Luiselli, L.; Akani, G.C.; Angelici, E.M.; Politano, E.; Ude, L.; Wariboko, S.M. 2004. Aspects of the ecology of a population of Causus maculatus (Reptilia: Viperidae) from southern Nigeria. Amphibia-Reptilia 25(1): 99-104.

Mibambani, S.; Engouang, M.O.; Maisels, F.; Jeffery, K. 2009. Nest defence by Senegal lapwings Vanellus lugubris against night adder Causus maculatus, in Gabon. Malimbus 31(1): 55-56.

O'Shea, M. 2003. Natural history notes: Causus maculatus (West African Night Adder). Male rivalry. Herpetological Review 34(2): 148.

Pauwels, O.S.G.; Essono, T.B.B.; Carlino, P.; Chirio, L.; Huijbregts, B.; Leuteritz, T.E.J.; Rousseaux, D.; Tobi, E.; Vigna, C.; Neer, W. van 2017. Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica VII. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 52(1): 1-7.

Skelton-Bourgeois, M. 1961. Reptiles et batraciens du Stanley Pool. Ann. Mus. Afr. Centr. 103: 169-183.

Wallach, V. 1980. Report on bites by the West African night adder, Causus maculatus. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 22(1): 3-8.

Warrell, D.A.; Ormerod, L.D.; Davidson, N.M. 1976. Bites by the night adder (Causus maculatus) and burrowing vipers (genus Atractaspis). American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 25(3): 517-524.

Causus rasmusseni

Broadley, D.G. 2014. A new species of Causus Lichtenstein from the Congo/Zambezi watershed in north-western Zambia (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae). Arnoldia Zimbabwe 10(29): 341-350.

Causus resimus

Akani, G.C.; Luiselli, L.; Tooze, Z.; Angelici, F.M.; Corti, C.; Zuffi, M.A.L. 2001. The ecological distribution of Causus Wagler 1830 (Viperidae) in Nigeria, with special reference to C. resimus (Peters 1862) and C. lichtensteini (Jan 1859), two species rarely recorded from this country. Tropical Zoology 14(1): 185-195.

Causus rhombeatus

Akani, G.C.; Luiselli, L.; Tooze, Z.; Angelici, F.M.; Corti, C.; Zuffi, M.A.L. 2001. The ecological distribution of Causus Wagler 1830 (Viperidae) in Nigeria, with special reference to C. resimus (Peters 1862) and C. lichtensteini (Jan 1859), two species rarely recorded from this country. Tropical Zoology 14(1): 185-195.

Barton, R.A. 1966. A record Causus rhombeatus. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 2: 32.

Bourgeois, M. 1964. Les reptiles de la Kasapa (Elisábethville). Publ. Univ. Elisábethville 7: 65-89.

Branch, W.R. 2007. Causus rhombeatus (Lichtenstein, 1823. Rhombic Night Adder). Autumnal mating. African Herp News 43: 25.

Broadley, D.G. 1974. A puzzling case of ophiophagy in Rhodesia. Journal of Herpetology 8(3): 247.

Broadley, D.G. 2014. A new species of Causus Lichtenstein from the Congo/Zambezi watershed in north-western Zambia (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae). Arnoldia Zimbabwe 10(29): 341-350.

Cochran, D.M. 1944. Dangerous reptiles (popular). Rep. Smithson. Instn. 1943: 275-325.

Deans, R. 2011. Natural history notes: Causus rhombeatus (Lichtenstein, 1823). Rhombic Night Adder. Diet. African Herp News 54: 14-15.

Dyer, B. 1979. Some reptile breeding records. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 20(1): 6.

FitzSimons, V. 1956. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Wonderboom Nature Reserve. Fauna and Flora (Pretoria) 7: 89-106.

Frade, F.; Manacas, S. 1955. Serpentes do Ultramar portugues. Garcia de Orta Sér. Zool. (Lisboa) 3(4): 547-553.

Hampton, P.M. 2010. Natural history notes: Causus rhombeatus (Rhombic Night Adder). Prey size. Herpetological Review 41(2): 234-235.

Harper, J.B. 1963. Captive snakes in Ghana. British Journal of Herpetology 3: 71-74.

Hawkes, P. 1980. Notes on growth and sloughing in a captive night adder (Causus rhombeatus). Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 23(1): 4-6.

Hyman, L.E. 1966. Mating behaviour of the night adder. African Wild Life 20: 289-291.

Leston, D. 1970. The activity pattern of Causus rhombeatus (Lichtenstein) (Viperidae) in Ghana. British Journal of Herpetology 4(6): 139-140.

Massary, J.C. de; Ineich, I. 1994. Sepedon rhombeata Lichtenstein, 1823 (Serpentes, Viperidae) and its type locality. Journal of African Zoology 108(5): 503-504.

McDonald, L.J. 1962. Foods and feeding [Causus rhombeatrix]. Lammergeyer 2(1): 8.

Pitman, C.R.S. 1962. Jumping snakes. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 58: 809.

Pringle, J.A. 1954. The cranial development of certain South African snakes and the relationship of these groups. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 123: 813-865.

Rahm, U. 1953. Einige Schlangen des westafrikanischen Urwaldes. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 6: 292-294.

Rowe-Rowe, D.T. 1965. Observations on two common snakes. Natal Wild Life 6(4): 8-10.

Villiers, A. 1956. Le Parc National du Niokolo-Koba, Reptiles. Memoires de l'Institut Fondamental D'Afrique Noire 48: 143-162.

Wager, V.A. 1964. Snakes and frogs. African Wild Life 18: 293-295.

Werner, Y.L. 1995. Some unusual accidental herpetological finds from Cyprus and Lebanon, including a new Ptyodactylus (Reptilia: Lacertilia: Gekkonidae). Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 22: 67-76.

Whittington, P.; Brett, G. 2008. Hadedas eating snakes. Bee-Eater and BirdLife Eastern Cape News 59(1): 17.