Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: December 31st, 2022.
 
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Genus
Ctenosaura
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Northern Spiny-tailed Iguanas, Black Iguanas, Armed Iguanas, Spiny-tailed Swifts
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Schwarzleguane
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Nordlige Tornhaleleguaner, Sorte Leguaner
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1828 |  |
Ctenosaura Wiegmann (type species: Ctenosaura cycluroides Wiegmann 1828) |
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1845 | |
Enyaliosaurus Gray (type species: Cyclura quinquecarinata Gray 1842; syn. Etheridge 1982) |
Contents:
15 species, of which 11 (73.3%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Remarks:
Previously included
Cachryx.
Distribution:
Mexico, Central America.
Reported from:
Belize,
Colombia
(Providencia,
San Andres),
Costa Rica,
El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Honduras
(incl.
Islas de la Bahia
[Barbareta,
Big Pigeon Cay,
Cayos Cochinos
(Cayo Cochino Major,
Cayo Cochino Pequeño),
Guanaja,
Roatan,
Utila]),
Mexico
(Aguascalientes,
Baja California Sur
[incl.
Isla Cerralvo],
Campeche,
Chiapas,
Chihuahua,
Colima,
Durango,
Guerrero,
Hidalgo,
Jalisco,
Mexico State,
Michoacan,
Morelos,
Nayarit
[incl.
Islas Marias
(Maria Cleofas,
Maria Madre,
Maria Magdalena,
San Juanito)],
Oaxaca,
Puebla,
Quintana Roo
[incl.
Cozumel],
San Luis Potosi,
Sinaloa,
Sonora
[incl.
Isla San Esteban,
Isla San Pedro Nolasco],
Tabasco,
Tamaulipas,
Veracruz,
Yucatan,
Zacatecas),
Nicaragua
(incl.
Islas del Maiz
[Isla Grande del Maiz]),
Panama.
| |
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Ctenosaura acanthura
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Northeastern Spiny-tailed Iguana, Eastern Spiny-tailed Iguana, Mexican Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Ostmexikanischer Schwarzleguan
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Nordøstlig Tornhaleleguan
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1802 | |
Lacerta acanthura Shaw |
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Uromastyx acanthurus Merrem 1820 |
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Iguana acanthura Gray 1831 |
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Ctenosaura acanthura Gray 1845 |
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Cyclura acanthura Cope 1869 |
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1825 | |
Cyclura teres Harlan (Boulenger 1885) |
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Iguana teres Gray 1831 |
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Ctenosaura teres Bocourt 1874 |
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1828 | |
Ctenosaura cycluroides Wiegmann (Boulenger 1885) |
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Iguana cycluroides Gray 1831 |
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1831 | |
Cyclura shawii Gray [substitute name for Lacerta acanthura Shaw 1802] (Etheridge 1982) |
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1831 | |
Iguana armata Gray (Boulenger 1885) |
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1831 | |
Iguana bellii Gray (Boulenger 1885) |
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Cyclura bellii Fitzinger 1843 |
|
1831 | |
Iguana lanceolata Gray (Boulenger 1885) |
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1834 | |
Cyclura articulata Wiegmann [substitute name for Iguana armata Gray 1831] (Etheridge 1982) |
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1834 | |
Cyclura denticulata Wiegmann [substitute name for Ctenosaura cycluroides Wiegmann 1828] (Etheridge 1982) |
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1843 | |
Cyclura semicristata Fitzinger [substitute name for Cyclura denticulata Wiegmann 1834] (Etheridge 1982) |
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1886 | |
Ctenosaura multispinis Cope (Bailey 1928) |
Remarks:
Current presence in Nuevo Leon needs confirmation, since the species has not been found in the state since 1934 (Lemos-Espinal, Wylie & Smith 2017).
Distribution:
Guatemala,
Mexico
(Chiapas,
Hidalgo,
Oaxaca,
Puebla,
San Luis Potosi,
Tamaulipas,
Veracruz).
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Ctenosaura bakeri
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Utila Island Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Utila-Leguan
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Utila-tornhaleleguan
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1901 | |
Ctenosaura bakeri Stejneger |
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Enyaliosaurus bakeri Cochran 1961 |
Remarks:
Records from Roatan refer to oedirhina (Queiroz 1987)
Distribution:
Honduras
(Islas de la Bahia:
Utila).
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Ctenosaura bakeri
© Rune Midtgaard
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Ctenosaura clarki
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Balsas Armed Iguana, Michoacan Club-tail
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Michoacán-Schwarzleguan
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Michoacan-tornhaleleguan
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1928 | |
Ctenosaura clarki Bailey |
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Enyaliosaurus clarki Smith & Taylor 1950 |
Distribution:
Mexico
(Guerrero,
Jalisco,
Michoacan).
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Ctenosaura conspicuosa
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San Esteban Island Spiny-tailed Iguana
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San Esteban-Schwarzleguan
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San Esteban-tornhaleleguan
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1919 | |
Ctenosaura conspicuosa Dickerson |
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Ctenosaura hemilopha conspicuosa Lowe & Norris 1955 |
Remarks:
Revalidated as a separate species by Grismer (1999).
Introduced to:
Mexico
(Sonora:
Isla Cholludo),
USA
(Arizona).
Distribution:
Mexico
(Sonora:
Isla San Esteban).
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Ctenosaura flavidorsalis
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Yellow-backed Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Gelbrücken-Schwarzleguan
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Gulrygget Tornhaleleguan
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1994 | |
Ctenosaura flavidorsalis Köhler & Klemmer |
Distribution:
El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Honduras.
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Ctenosaura hemilopha
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Cape Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Niederkalifornischer Schwarzleguan
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Baja California-tornhaleleguan
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1863 | |
Cyclura hemilopha Cope |
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Ctenosaura hemilopha Cope 1866 |
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1882 | |
Ctenosaura interrupta Bocourt (Boulenger 1885) |
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Ctenosaura hemilopha interrupta Liner 1994 |
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1919 | |
Ctenosaura insulana Dickerson (Grismer 1999) |
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Ctenosaura hemilopha insulana Lowe & Norris 1955 |
Other common names:
hemilopha: Peninsular Spiny-tailed Iguana
insulana: Cerralvo Island Spiny-tailed Iguana
interrupta: Cape San Lucas Spiny-tailed Iguana
Remarks:
Previously included conspicuosa, macrolopha, and nolascensis (e.g., Etheridge in Burghardt & Rand 1982).
Introduced to:
USA
(California).
Distribution:
Mexico
(Baja California Sur
[incl.
Isla Cerralvo]).
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Ctenosaura hemilopha
© Rune Midtgaard
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Ctenosaura macrolopha
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Sonoran Spiny-tailed Iguana, Mainland Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Sonora-Schwarzleguan
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Sonora-tornhaleleguan
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1972 | |
Ctenosaura hemilopha macrolopha Smith |
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Ctenosaura macrolopha Grismer 1999 |
Introduced to:
USA
(Arizona).
Distribution:
Mexico
(Chihuahua,
Sinaloa,
Sonora).
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Ctenosaura melanosterna
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Black-chested Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Schwarzbrust-Schwarzleguan
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Sortbrystet Tornhaleleguan
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1997 | |
Ctenosaura melanosterna Buckley & Axtell |
Distribution:
Honduras
(incl.
Islas de la Bahia:
Cayos Cochinos
[Cayo Cochino Major,
Cayo Cochino Pequeño]).
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Ctenosaura nolascensis
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San Pedro Nolasco Island Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Nolasko-Schwarzleguan
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Nolasco-tornhaleleguan
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1972 | |
Ctenosaura hemilopha nolascensis Smith |
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Ctenosaura nolascensis Grismer 1999 |
Distribution:
Mexico
(Sonora:
Isla San Pedro Nolasco).
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Ctenosaura oaxacana
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Oaxacan Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Oaxaca-Schwarzleguan
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Oaxaca-tornhaleleguan
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2001 | |
Ctenosaura oaxacana Köhler & Hasbún |
Distribution:
Mexico
(Oaxaca).
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Ctenosaura oedirhina
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Roatan Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Roatan-Leguan
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Roatan-tornhaleleguan
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1987 | |
Ctenosaura oedirhina Queiroz |
Remarks:
This species represents populations previously regarded as part of bakeri (Queiroz 1987).
Distribution:
Honduras
(Islas de la Bahia
[Barbareta,
Big Pigeon Cay,
Roatan]).
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Ctenosaura palearis
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Paleate Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Guatemalischer Schwarzleguan
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Guatemalansk Tornhaleleguan
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1899 | |
Ctenosaura palearis Stejneger |
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Enyaliosaurus palearis Smith & Taylor 1950 |
Remarks:
Honduran records of palearis refer to melanosterna (Buckley & Axtell 1997).
Distribution:
Guatemala.
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Ctenosaura pectinata
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West Mexican Spiny-tailed Iguana, Western Spiny-tailed Iguana, Brown Iguana, (Mexican Spiny-tailed Iguana)
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Westmexikanischer Schwarzleguan
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Vestmexicansk Tornhaleleguan
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1839 | |
Cyclura pectinata Wiegmann |
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Ctenosaura pectinata Gray 1845 |
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1886 | |
Ctenosaura brevirostris Cope (Smith 1949) |
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1886 | |
Ctenosaura teres brachylopha Cope (Smith 1949) |
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Ctenosaura brachylopha Bailey 1928 |
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1928 | |
Ctenosaura parkeri Bailey (Smith 1949) |
Introduced to:
USA
(Florida,
Texas).
Distribution:
Mexico
(Aguascalientes,
Chiapas,
Colima,
Durango,
Guerrero,
Jalisco,
Mexico State,
Michoacan,
Morelos,
Nayarit
[incl.
Islas Marias
(Maria Cleofas,
Maria Madre,
Maria Magdalena,
San Juanito)],
Oaxaca,
Puebla,
Sinaloa,
Zacatecas).
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Ctenosaura quinquecarinata
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Central American Armed Iguana, Five-keeled Spiny-tailed Iguana
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Fünfkiel-Schwarzleguan
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Femkølet Tornhaleleguan
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1842 | |
Cyclura quinquecarinata Gray |
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Enyaliosaurus quinquecarinatus Gray 1845 |
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Ctenosaura quinquecarinata Bocourt in Duméril & Bocourt 1874 |
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2009 | |
Ctenosaura praeocularis Hasbún & Köhler (McCranie 2015) |
Remarks:
Now restricted to Costa Rica, Honduras and Nicaragua. Records from Oaxaca (Mexico) (e.g., Köhler 2000) refer to oaxacana. Records from El Salvador and some from Honduras refer to flavidorsalis (Hasbun, Köhler, McCranie & Lawrence 2001; Köhler & Hasbun 2001). Webb & Fugler's (1957) record from Puebla is regarded as doubtful (Gicca 1983). Although Honduran records were previously considered erroneous (Hasbun, Köhler, McCranie & Lawrence 2001; Köhler & Hasbun 2001; Hasbún & Köhler 2009), McCranie (2015) documented the species for the country by synonymizing praeocularis with quinquecarinata.
Distribution:
Costa Rica,
Honduras,
Nicaragua.
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Ctenosaura quinquecarinata
© Rune Midtgaard
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Ctenosaura similis
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Central American Black Iguana, Common Spiny-tailed Iguana, Black Spiny-tailed Iguana, (Black Iguana)
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Gemeiner Schwarzleguan
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Centralamerikansk Tornhaleleguan
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1831 | |
Iguana similis Gray |
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Cyclura similis Wiegmann 1834 |
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Ctenosaura similis Bailey 1928 |
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1874 | |
Ctenosaura completa Bocourt (Bailey 1928) |
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1934 | |
Ctenosaura similis multipunctata Barbour & Shreve |
Other common names:
similis: Barred Iguana
Remarks:
Not listed for Veracruz by Torres-Hernandez, Ramirez-Bautista, Cruz-Elizalde, Hernandez-Salinas, Berriozabal-Islas, DeSantis, Johnson, Rocha, Garcia-Padilla, Mata-Silva, Fucsko & Wilson (2021).
Introduced to:
Bahamas,
Honduras
(Islas de la Bahia:
Roatan),
Nicaragua
(Islas del Maiz:
Isla Pequeña del Maiz),
USA
(Florida),
Venezuela.
Distribution:
Belize,
Colombia
(Providencia,
San Andres),
Costa Rica,
El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Honduras
(incl.
Islas de la Bahia
[Guanaja,
Utila]),
Mexico
(Campeche,
Chiapas,
Oaxaca,
Quintana Roo
[incl.
Cozumel],
Tabasco,
Veracruz,
Yucatan),
Nicaragua
(incl.
Islas del Maiz:
Isla Grande del Maiz),
Panama.
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Ctenosaura similis
© Henrik Bringsøe
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