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© Rune Midtgaard


Biodiversity of the reptile genera of
Costa Rica
excl. introduced, extinct, unconfirmed, and unnamed species
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
Family Alligatoridae
(Alligators and Caimans)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Caiman (Typical Caimans) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Crocodylidae
(Crocodiles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Lizards (Sauria)
Family Alopoglossidae
(Fold-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Ptychoglossus (Swamp Lizards) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Anguidae
(Slowworms. etc.)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Celestus (Lesser Galliwasps) 3 3 100.0 % 1.2 %
Diploglossus (Greater Galliwasps) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Gerrhonotus (Eastern Alligator Lizards) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Mesaspis (Middle American Alligator Lizards) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Corytophanidae
(Basilisks)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Basiliscus (Typical Basilisks) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Corytophanes (Helmeted Basilisks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Dactyloidae
(Anoles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Dactyloa (Fringe-toed Anoles) 5 2 40.0 % 2.0 %
Norops (Brilliant Anoles) 35 8 22.9 % 14.1 %
Family Eublepharidae
(Eyelid Geckos)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Coleonyx (Banded Eyelid Geckos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Gymnophthalmidae
(Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Anadia (Smooth-scaled Spectacled Lizards) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Bachia (Earless Tejus) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Echinosaura (Rough Tejus) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Loxopholis (Western Root Lizards) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Iguanidae
(Greater Iguanas)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Ctenosaura (Northern Spiny-tailed Iguanas) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Iguana (Green Iguanas) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Phrynosomatidae
(North American Lesser Iguanas)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Sceloporus (Northern Spiny Lizards) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Family Phyllodactylidae
(Leaf-toed Geckos)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Phyllodactylus (American Leaf-toed Geckos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Polychrotidae
(Monkey Lizards)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Polychrus (Monkey Lizards) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Scincidae
(Skinks)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Marisora (Middle American Skinks) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Mesoscincus (Central American Giant Skinks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Scincella (South Asian and American Ground Skinks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Sphaerodactylidae
(Least Geckos. etc.)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Lepidoblepharis (Scaly-eyed Geckos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Sphaerodactylus (Least Geckos) 4 1 25.0 % 1.6 %
Family Teiidae
(Greater Tejus)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Ameiva (South American Ameivas) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Aspidoscelis (Northern Whiptails) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Holcosus (Northwestern Ameivas) 4 0 0.0 % 1.6 %
Family Xantusiidae
(Night Lizards)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Lepidophyma (Tropical Night Lizards) 2 1 50.0 % 0.8 %
Snakes (Serpentes)
Family Anomalepididae
(Neotropical Blind Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Anomalepis (Odd-scaled Blind Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Helminthophis (Northwestern Blind Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Liotyphlops (Smooth Blind Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Boidae
(Typical Boas)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Boa (Red-tailed Boas) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Corallus (Tree Boas) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Epicrates (Rainbow Boas) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Ungaliophis (Central American Dwarf Boas) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Colubridae
(Typical Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Amastridium (Rusty-headed Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Chironius (Sipos) 4 0 0.0 % 1.6 %
Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Coniophanes (Black-striped Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Conophis (Road Guarders) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Crisantophis (Costa Rican Road Guarder) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Dendrophidion (Forest Racers) 6 1 16.7 % 2.4 %
Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes & Cribos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Drymobius (Central American Racers) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Enuliophis (White-headed Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Enulius (Middle American Long-tailed Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Geophis (Central American Earth Snakes) 7 3 42.9 % 2.8 %
Hydromorphus (Central American Water Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Lampropeltis (King Snakes & Milk Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes) 4 0 0.0 % 1.6 %
Leptodrymus (Green-headed Lowland Racer) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes) 5 0 0.0 % 2.0 %
Masticophis (North American Whip Snakes & Coachwhips) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Ninia (Coffee Snakes) 4 0 0.0 % 1.6 %
Nothopsis (Rugose Litter Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Pliocercus (Big-scaled False Coral Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Rhadinaea (Graceful Brown Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Rhadinella (Dwarf Brown Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.8 %
Rhinobothryum (Ringed Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Scaphiodontophis (Neck-banded Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Scolecophis (Central American Harlequin Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Senticolis (American Green Rat Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters) 7 0 0.0 % 2.8 %
Siphlophis (Liana Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Spilotes (Chicken Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Stenorrhina (Scorpion Eaters) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes) 7 0 0.0 % 2.8 %
Thamnophis (North American Garter Snakes & Ribbon Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Tretanorhinus (Neotropical Swamp Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Trimetopon (Central American Dwarf Snakes) 5 3 60.0 % 2.0 %
Trimorphodon (Lyre Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Tropidodipsas (Northern Snail Eaters) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Urotheca (Glass-tailed Snakes) 5 1 20.0 % 2.0 %
Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads & South American Hognose Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Elapidae_1
(Cobras. Mambas. etc.)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Micrurus (American Coral Snakes) 6 0 0.0 % 2.4 %
Family Elapidae_2
(Sea Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Leptotyphlopidae
(Thread Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Loxocemidae
(Neotropical Sunbeam Snake)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Loxocemus (Neotropical Sunbeam Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Typhlopidae
(Typical Blind Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Viperidae
(Vipers)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Agkistrodon (American Copperheads. Cottonmouths. and Cantils) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Atropoides (Jumping Pitvipers) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Bothriechis (Palm Pitvipers) 5 1 20.0 % 2.0 %
Bothrops (American Lanceheads) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Cerrophidion (Central American Montane Pitvipers) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Lachesis (Bushmasters) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Porthidium (Hognosed Pitvipers) 4 1 25.0 % 1.6 %
Turtles (Testudines)
Family Cheloniidae
(Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Chelydridae
(American Snapping Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Chelydra (American Snapping Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Dermochelyidae
(Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Emydidae
(Western Pond Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Trachemys (Slider Turtles) 2 0 0.0 % 0.8 %
Family Geoemydidae
(Eastern Pond Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %
Family Kinosternidae
(American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Costa Rica
Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles) 3 0 0.0 % 1.2 %