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Biodiversity of the reptile genera of
Sri Lanka
excl. introduced, extinct, unconfirmed, and unnamed species
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
Family Crocodylidae
(Crocodiles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles) 2 0 0.0 % 0.9 %
Lizards (Sauria)
Family Agamidae
(Agamas and Dragons)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Calotes (Forest Agamas) 9 7 77.8 % 4.1 %
Ceratophora (Sri Lankan Horned Agamas) 5 5 100.0 % 2.3 %
Cophotis (Deaf Agamas) 2 2 100.0 % 0.9 %
Lyriocephalus (Lyre-headed Agama) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %
Otocryptis (Kangaroo Agamas) 2 2 100.0 % 0.9 %
Sitana (Lesser Fan-throated Agamas) 2 1 50.0 % 0.9 %
Family Chamaeleonidae
(Chameleons)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Gekkonidae
(Typical Geckos)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Calodactylodes (South Asian Golden Geckos) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %
Cnemaspis (Afro-Asian Rock and Forest Geckos) 24 23 95.8 % 10.8 %
Cyrtodactylus (Australasian Bent-toed Geckos) 9 8 88.9 % 4.1 %
Gehyra (Four-clawed Geckos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos) 9 4 44.4 % 4.1 %
Hemiphyllodactylus (Slender Geckos) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Lacertidae
(Typical Lizards)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Ophisops (Snake-eyed Lizards) 2 0 0.0 % 0.9 %
Family Scincidae
(Skinks)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Chalcides (Cylindrical Skinks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Chalcidoseps (Knuckles Four-toed Skink) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %
Dasia (Indo-Malayan Tree Skinks) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %
Eutropis (South Asian Sun Skinks) 9 4 44.4 % 4.1 %
Lankascincus (Lanka Skinks) 10 10 100.0 % 4.5 %
Lygosoma (Supple Skinks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.9 %
Nessia (Singalese Skinks) 9 9 100.0 % 4.1 %
Sphenomorphus (Indo-Pacific Forest Skinks) 3 1 33.3 % 1.4 %
Family Varanidae
(Monitor Lizards)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Varanus (Monitor Lizards) 2 0 0.0 % 0.9 %
Snakes (Serpentes)
Family Acrochordidae
(Australasian File Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Acrochordus (Australasian File Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Boidae
(Typical Boas)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Eryx (Sand Boas) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Colubridae
(Typical Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Ahaetulla (Oriental Whip Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.9 %
Amphiesma (Buff-striped Keelback) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Argyrogena (South Asian Whip Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Aspidura (Roughsides) 8 7 87.5 % 3.6 %
Atretium (Olive Keelbacks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Balanophis (Sri Lanka Keelback) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %
Boiga (Australasian Cat Snakes) 5 1 20.0 % 2.3 %
Chrysopelea (Flying Tree Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.9 %
Coelognathus (Oriental Rat Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Dendrelaphis (Bronzebacks) 6 5 83.3 % 2.7 %
Fowlea (Fishing Keelbacks) 2 1 50.0 % 0.9 %
Liopeltis (Stripe-necked Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Lycodon (Oriental Wolf Snakes) 6 1 16.7 % 2.7 %
Macropisthodon (Hooded Keelbacks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Oligodon (Kukri Snakes) 4 1 25.0 % 1.8 %
Ptyas (Giant Rat Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Sibynophis (Oriental Black-headed Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Cylindrophiidae
(Asian Pipe Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Cylindrophis (Oriental Pipe Snakes) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %
Family Elapidae_1
(Cobras. Mambas. etc.)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Bungarus (Kraits) 2 1 50.0 % 0.9 %
Calliophis (South Asian Coral Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.9 %
Naja (Typical Cobras) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Elapidae_2
(Sea Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes) 14 0 0.0 % 6.3 %
Laticauda (Sea Kraits) 2 0 0.0 % 0.9 %
Microcephalophis (Small-headed Sea Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Gerrhopilidae
(Indo-Malayan Blind Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Gerrhopilus (Indo-Malayan Blind Snakes) 2 2 100.0 % 0.9 %
Family Homalopsidae
(Australasian Mud Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Cerberus (Dog-faced Water Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Enhydris (Asian Mud Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Gerarda (Glossy Marsh Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Pythonidae
(Pythons)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Python (Typical Pythons) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Typhlopidae
(Typical Blind Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Indotyphlops (South Asian Blind Snakes) 8 6 75.0 % 3.6 %
Family Uropeltidae
(Shield-tailed Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Rhinophis (Sharp-nosed Shieldtails) 16 16 100.0 % 7.2 %
Family Viperidae
(Vipers)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Craspedocephalus (Ridge-nosed Tree Pitvipers) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %
Daboia (Daboias) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Echis (Carpet Vipers) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Hypnale (Hump-nosed Pitvipers) 3 2 66.7 % 1.4 %
Turtles (Testudines)
Family Cheloniidae
(Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Dermochelyidae
(Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Geoemydidae
(Eastern Pond Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Melanochelys (Indian Black Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Testudinidae
(Tortoises)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Geochelone (South Asian Star Tortoises) 1 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Trionychidae
(Softshell Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Sri Lanka
Lissemys (South Asian Flapshell Turtles) 1 1 100.0 % 0.5 %