Reptiles of
Turkey 

Related checklists:  European Turkey

Bibliography of the reptiles of Turkey Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Turkey Introduced species
Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates
Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Blanidae (Mediterranean Worm Lizards)
Genus Blanus (Mediterranean Worm Lizards)
 
Blanus alexandri

Levant Worm Lizard

Sindaco, Kornilios, Sacchi & Lymberakis 2014
  *
Blanus aporus

Cilician Worm Lizard

Gans 2005 Sindaco, Kornilios, Sacchi & Lymberakis 2014 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Akman, Goecmen & Yalcinkaya 2009
 
Blanus strauchi

West Anatolian Worm Lizard

Gans 2005 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Kornilios, Sacchi & Lymberakis 2014 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons)
Genus Laudakia (Asian Rock Agamas)
 
Laudakia caucasia

Caucasian Rock Agama

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Ananjeva & Tuniev 1994 Baig, Wagner, Ananjeva & Boehme 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018 Yousefkhani, Ficetola, Rastegar-Pouyani, Ananjeva, Rastegar-Pouyani & Masroor 2013
 
Laudakia stellio

Western Starred Agama

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Baig, Wagner, Ananjeva & Boehme 2012 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Kumlutas, Ugurtas, Koyun & Ilgaz 2015 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
Genus Phrynocephalus (Toad-headed Agamas)
 
Phrynocephalus horvathi

Turkish Toad-headed Agama

Melnikov, Melnikova, Nazarov & Rajabizadeh 2013 Mulder 2019 [as P. helioscopus] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as persicus] Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as persicus] Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Trapelus (Afro-Asian Ground Agamas)
 
Trapelus ruderatus

Horny-scaled Agama

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 [as T. lessonae] Rastegar-Pouyani 2000 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.)
Genus Anguis (Slowworms)
 
Anguis colchica

Eastern Slowworm

Gvozdik, Benkovsky, Crottini, Bellati, Moravec, Romano, Sacchi & Jandzik 2013 Gvozdik, Jandzik, Lymberakis, Jablonski & Moravec 2010 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 [as A. fragilis] Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Pseudopus (Eurasian Glass Lizard)
 
Pseudopus apodus

Eurasian Glass Lizard

Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Jablonski, Ribeiro-Junior, Meiri, Maza, Kukushkin, Chirikova, Pirosova, Jelic, Mikulicek & Jandzik 2021 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 Family Chamaeleonidae (Chameleons)
Genus Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons)
 
Chamaeleo chamaeleon

Mediterranean Chameleon

Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tilbury 2010
 Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos)
Genus Eublepharis (Southwest Asian Fat-tailed Geckos)
 
Eublepharis angramainyu

Persian Fat-tailed Gecko

Goecmen, Tosunoglu & Ayaz 2002 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Uzum, Avci, Ilgaz & Olgun 2008
 Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos)
Genus Cyrtopodion (Palearctic Bent-toed Geckos)
 
Cyrtopodion scabrum

Keeled Rock Gecko

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)
 
Hemidactylus turcicus

Turkish Half-toed Gecko

Bulbul, Koc & Zaman 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Mediodactylus (Mediterranean Bent-toed Geckos)
 
Mediodactylus danilewskii

Northern Bent-toed Gecko

Kotsakiozi, Jablonski, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Avci, Meiri, Itescu, Kukushkin, Gvozdik, Scillitani, Roussos, Jandzik, Kasapidis, Lymberakis & Poulakakis 2018 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as kotschyi colchicus]
 
Mediodactylus heterocercus

Asia Minor Thin-toed Gecko

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Mediodactylus kotschyi

Balkan Bent-toed Gecko

Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Mediodactylus orientalis

Levant Bent-toed Gecko

Kotsakiozi, Jablonski, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Avci, Meiri, Itescu, Kukushkin, Gvozdik, Scillitani, Roussos, Jandzik, Kasapidis, Lymberakis & Poulakakis 2018 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as kotschyi fitzingeri]
Genus Stenodactylus (Afro-Asian Thin-toed Geckos)
 
Stenodactylus grandiceps

Large-headed Thin-toed Gecko

Akman & Goecmen 2014 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards)
Genus Acanthodactylus (Fringe-toed Lizards)
 
Acanthodactylus boskianus

Afro-Arabian Fringe-toed Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as A. schreiberi syriacus] Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
  *
Acanthodactylus harranensis

Harran Fringe-toed Lizard

Baran, Kumlutas, Lanza, Sindaco, Ilgaz, Avci & Crucitti 2005 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008
  *
Acanthodactylus ilgazi

Malatya Fringe-toed Lizard

Kurnaz & Sahin 2021
 
Acanthodactylus schreiberi

Levant Fringe-toed Lizard

Franzen 1998 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tamar, Carranza, Sindaco, Moravec & Meiri 2014 Yalcinkaya & Goecmen 2012
Genus Anatololacerta (Anatolian Lizards)
 
Anatololacerta anatolica

Northwest Anatolian Lizard

Bellati, Carranza, Garcia-Porta, Fasola & Sindaco 2015 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
  *
Anatololacerta danfordi

South Anatolian Lizard

Bellati, Carranza, Garcia-Porta, Fasola & Sindaco 2015 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
  *
Anatololacerta finikensis

Finike Lizard

Eiselt & Schmidtler 1987 Karakasi, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Candan, Guclu, Kankilic, Beser, Sindaco, Lymberakis & Poulakakis 2021 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
  *
Anatololacerta ibrahimi

Anamur Lizard

Eiselt & Schmidtler 1987 Karakasi, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Candan, Guclu, Kankilic, Beser, Sindaco, Lymberakis & Poulakakis 2021
 
Anatololacerta pelasgiana

Southwest Anatolian Lizard

Bellati, Carranza, Garcia-Porta, Fasola & Sindaco 2015 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Apathya (Kurdish Lizards)
 
Apathya cappadocica

Cappadocian Lizard

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
Genus Darevskia (Caucasian Rock Lizards)
 
Darevskia adjarica

Northern Red-bellied Rock Lizard

Arribas, Ilgaz & Kumlutas 2018 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Szczerbak 2003 Tuniyev, Ananjeva, Agasyan, Orlov & Tuniyev 2009
 
Darevskia armeniaca

Armenian Rock Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
  *
Darevskia bendimahiensis

Bendimahi Rock Lizard

Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
  *
Darevskia bithynica

Bithynian Rock Lizard

Arribas, Candan, Kornilios, Ayaz, Kumlutas, Gul, Yilmaz, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022 Arribas, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Durmus, Avci & Uzum 2013 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Szczerbak 2003
 
Darevskia clarkorum

Borcka Rock Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as dryada]
 
Darevskia derjugini

Artvin Rock Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Darevskia hungarica

Balkan Meadow Lizard

Ilgaz, Akkaya & Hurriyet 2019 [as D. pontica] Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 [as praticola] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as praticola] Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as praticola] Sos, Kecskes, Hegyeli & Marosi 2012 [as pontica] Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 [as praticola] Stugren in Boehme (ed.) 1984 [as praticola]
  *
Darevskia josefschmidtleri

Caldiran Rock Lizard

Arribas, Candan, Kornilios, Ayaz, Kumlutas, Gul, Yilmaz, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022
  *
Darevskia mirabilis

Kackar Rock Lizard

Arribas, Candan, Kornilios, Ayaz, Kumlutas, Gul, Yilmaz, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022 Arribas, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Durmus, Avci & Uzum 2013
 
Darevskia nairensis

Nairi Rock Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Darevskia obscura

Borjomi Rock Lizard

Arribas, Candan, Kornilios, Ayaz, Kumlutas, Gul, Yilmaz, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022 Arribas, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Durmus, Avci & Uzum 2013 Boehme & Bischoff in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Szczerbak 2003
  *
Darevskia parvula

Southern Red-bellied Rock Lizard

Arribas, Ilgaz & Kumlutas 2018 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tuniyev, Ananjeva, Agasyan, Orlov & Tuniyev 2009
 
Darevskia raddei

Azerbaijan Rock Lizard

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Darevskia rudis

Spiny-tailed Rock Lizard

Arribas, Candan, Kornilios, Ayaz, Kumlutas, Gul, Yilmaz, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022 Arribas, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Durmus, Avci & Uzum 2013 Boehme & Bischoff in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Szczerbak 2003
  *
Darevskia salihae

Yusufeli Rock Lizard

Kurnaz, Sahin & Eroglu 2022
  *
Darevskia sapphirina

Northeast Anatolian Rock Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
  *
Darevskia spitzenbergerae

Hakkari Rock Lizard

Arribas, Candan, Kornilios, Ayaz, Kumlutas, Gul, Yilmaz, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022 Eiselt, Darevsky & Schmidtler 1989 [1992] 1992 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
  *
Darevskia tuniyevi

Pirnali Rock Lizard

Arribas, Candan, Kurnaz, Kumlutas, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022
 
Darevskia unisexualis

White-bellied Rock Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
  *
Darevskia uzzelli

Kars Plateau Rock Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Darevskia valentini

Basarchay Rock Lizard

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Arribas, Candan, Kornilios, Ayaz, Kumlutas, Gul, Yilmaz, Caynak & Ilgaz 2022 Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Eremias (Desert and Steppe Runners)
 
Eremias pleskei

Transcaucasian Desert Runner

Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Eremias strauchi

Armenian Desert Runner

Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Szczerbak 2003 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Eremias suphani

Anatolian Desert Runner

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Iranolacerta (Persian Lizards)
 
Iranolacerta brandtii

Common Persian Lizard

Avci, Ilgaz, Bozkurt, Uzum & Olgun 2015 Yildiz & Igci 2015 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
Genus Lacerta (Eurasian Green Lizards)
 
Lacerta agilis

Northern Eurasian Sand Lizard

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Lacerta diplochondrodes

Eastern Balkan Green Lizard

Gidis & Baskale 2020 [as L. trilineata] Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 [as L. trilineata] Kornilios, Thanou, Lymberakis, Ilgaz, Kumlutas & Leache 2020 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Lacerta media

Levant Emerald Lizard

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
  *
Lacerta pamphylica

Pamphylian Green Lizard

Kornilios, Thanou, Lymberakis, Ilgaz, Kumlutas & Leache 2020 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Lacerta strigata

Caspian Green Lizard

Mulder 2019 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Lacerta viridis

Eastern Green Lizard

Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Marzahn, Mayer, Joger, Ilgaz, Jablonski, Kindler, Kumlutas, Nistri, Schneewiess, Vamberger, Zagar & Fritz 2015 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Mesalina (Afro-Asian Desert Lizards)
 
Mesalina microlepis

Arabian Small-scaled Desert Lizard

Ilgaz, Baran, Kumlutas & Avci 2005 [as brevirostris] Kumlutas, Taskavac, Baran, Ilgaz & Avci 2002 [as b. brevirostris] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as brevirostris] Smid, Moravec, Gvozdik, Stundl, Frynta, Lymberakis, Kapli, Wilms, Schmitz, Shobrak, Yousefkhani, Rastegar-Pouyani, Castilla, Els & Mayer 2017
Genus Ophisops (Snake-eyed Lizards)
 
Ophisops elegans

Elegant Snake-eyed Lizard

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Tok, Afsar, Yakin, Ayaz & Cicek 2017 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Parvilacerta (Middle East Dwarf Lizards)
 
Parvilacerta parva

Asia Minor Dwarf Lizard

Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Phoenicolacerta (Phoenician Lizards)
 
Phoenicolacerta cyanisparsa

Syrian Rock Lizard

Schmidtler & Bischoff 1999 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008
 
Phoenicolacerta laevis

Lebanese Smooth-scaled Lizard

Bruekers 2010 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Podarcis (Wall Lizards)
 
Podarcis muralis

Common European Wall Lizard

Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Podarcis tauricus

Balkan Wall Lizard

Bulbul, Kurnaz, Eroglu, Koc & Kutrup 2015 Gul & Tosunoglu 2017 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Timon (Ocellated Lizards)
 
Timon kurdistanicus

Kurdish Ocellated Lizard

Ahmadzadeh, Carretero, Harris, Perera & Boehme 2012 Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Bischoff 1996 Ilgaz & Kumlutas 2008 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Asaccus (Middle East Leaf-toed Geckos)
  *
Asaccus barani

Harran Leaf-toed Gecko

Torki, Ahmadzadeh, Ilgaz, Avci & Kumlutas 2011
 
Asaccus elisae

Niniveh Leaf-toed Gecko

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tok, Atatur & Cihan 2002
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Ablepharus (Eurasian Snake-eyed Skinks)
 
Ablepharus anatolicus

Lycian Snake-eyed Skink

Bozkurt & Olgun 2020 Schmidtler 1997 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Ablepharus bivittatus

Two-striped Mountain Skink

Bozkurt & Olgun 2020 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Ablepharus budaki

North Levant Snake-eyed Skink

Bozkurt & Olgun 2020 Schmidtler 1997 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Skourtanioti, Kapli, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Avci, Ahmadzadeh, Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Ghergel, Lymberakis & Poulakakis 2016
 
Ablepharus chernovi

Armenian Snake-eyed Skink

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Bozkurt & Olgun 2020 Schmidtler 1997 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Skourtanioti, Kapli, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Avci, Ahmadzadeh, Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Ghergel, Lymberakis & Poulakakis 2016 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
 
Ablepharus kitaibelii

European Snake-eyed Skink

Bozkurt & Olgun 2020 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Schmidtler 1997 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Skourtanioti, Kapli, Ilgaz, Kumlutas, Avci, Ahmadzadeh, Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Ghergel, Lymberakis & Poulakakis 2016
Genus Chalcides (Cylindrical Skinks)
 
Chalcides ocellatus

Mediterranean Ocellated Skink

Bozkurt, Avci & Yilmaz 2015 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Eumeces (Afro-Asian Long-legged Skinks)
 
Eumeces pavimentatus

Levant Long-legged Skink

Basoglu & Baran 1977 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Faizi, Rastegar-Pouyani, Rastegar-Pouyani, Nazarov, Heidari, Zangi, Orlova & Poyarkov 2017 Kumlutas, Arikan, Ilgaz & Kaska 2007 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Eumeces princeps

Southwest Asian Long-legged Skink

Arnold 1986 Basoglu & Baran 1977 Kumlutas, Arikan, Ilgaz & Kaska 2007 Leviton, Anderson, Adler & Minton 1992 Mulder 2019 [as E. princeps] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Eumeces schneiderii

Golden Long-legged Skink

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Cicek, Cumhuriyet, Bayrakci & Ayaz 2015 Kumlutas, Arikan, Ilgaz & Kaska 2007 Kumlutas, Kaska, Ilgaz & Boehme 2004 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008
Genus Heremites (Western Palearctic Grass Skinks)
 
Heremites auratus

Levant Skink

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Moravec, Franzen & Boehme 2006 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Heremites septemtaeniatus

Seven-striped Grass Skink

Mulder 2019
 
Heremites vittatus

Bridled Skink

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Kumlutas, Candan & Ilgaz 2015 Mulder 1995 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Ophiomorus (South West Asian Snake Skinks)
 
Ophiomorus kardesi

Anatolian Snake Skink

Anderson & Leviton 1966 [as punctatissimus] Basoglu & Baran 1977 [as punctatissimus] Bischoff in Boehme (ed.) 1981 [as O. punctatissimus] Daszak & Cawthraw 1991 [as punctatissimus] Kornilios, Kumlutas, Lymberakis & Ilgaz 2018 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as punctatissimus]
 Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards)
Genus Varanus (Monitor Lizards)
 
Varanus griseus

Desert Monitor

Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Eryx (Sand Boas)
 
Eryx jaculus

Western Sand Boa

Afsar, Cicek, Dincaslan, Ayaz & Tok 2013 Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Stimson 1969 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Coronella (Palearctic Smooth Snakes)
 
Coronella austriaca

Northern Smooth Snake

Geniez 2018 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Jablonski, Nagy, Avci, Olgun, Kukushkin, Safaei-Mahroo & Jandzik 2019 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Dolichophis (Greater Whip Snakes)
 
Dolichophis caspius

Caspian Whip Snake

Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Nagy, Bellaagh, Wink, Paunovic & Korsos 2010 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Dolichophis jugularis

Large Whip Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Goecmen, Igci, Akman & Oguz 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Dolichophis schmidti

Red-bellied Whip Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Igci, Akman & Oguz 2013 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Eirenis (Middle Eastern Dwarf Snakes)
 
Eirenis aurolineatus

Golden-striped Dwarf Snake

Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Eirenis barani

Adana Dwarf Snake

Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Eirenis collaris

Collared Dwarf Snake

Baran, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Turkosan & Avci 2004 Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Eirenis coronelloides

Sinai Dwarf Snake

Avci & Olgun 2011 Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Nilson & Rastegar-Pouyani 2011 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sivan & Werner 2003
 
Eirenis decemlineatus

Narrow-striped Dwarf Snake

Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Eirenis eiselti

Urfa Dwarf Snake

Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Igci, Akman & Oguz 2013 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Schmidtler & Schmidtler 1978 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tayhan, Dincaslan, Avci & Tok 2011 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
  *
Eirenis hakkariensis

Hakkari Dwarf Snake

Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Eirenis levantinus

Levant Dwarf Snake

Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Eirenis lineomaculatus

Spotted-line Dwarf Snake

Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Gecit & Karis 2014 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Eirenis modestus

Ring-headed Dwarf Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Eirenis occidentalis

Sanliurfa Dwarf Snake

Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011 [as persicus] Baran, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Turkosan & Avci 2004 [as persicus] Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 [as persicus] Rajabizadeh, Nagy, Adriaens, Avci, Masroor, Schmidtler, Nazarov, Esmaeili & Christiaens 2015 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 [as persicus] Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as persicus]
 
Eirenis punctatolineatus

Armenian Dwarf Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Baran, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Turkosan & Avci 2004 Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Mulder 2019 Rajabizadeh, Schmidtler, Javanmardi, Rastegar-Pouyani & Esmaeili 2012 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
 
Eirenis rothii

Israeli Dwarf Snake

Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Eirenis thospitis

Kurdish Dwarf Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Asadi, Salmanian & Kaboli 2020 Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Schmidtler & Lanza 1990 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
Genus Elaphe (Palearctic-Oriental Rat Snakes)
 
Elaphe dione

Dione Rat Snake

Geniez 2018 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Elaphe sauromates

Sarmatian Rat Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Geniez 2018 [part] Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Schulz 1996 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Elaphe urartica

Urartian Rat Snake

Geniez 2018 [as E. sauromates [part]] Jablonski, Kukushkin, Avci, Bunyatova, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Polyakova, Shiryaev, Tuniyev & Jandzik 2019 Mulder 2019 [as E. sauromates] Qi, Shi, Ma, Gao, Bu, Grismer, Li & Wang 2021 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
Genus Hemorrhois (Palearctic Whip Snakes)
 
Hemorrhois nummifer

Coin-marked Whip Snake

Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Hemorrhois ravergieri

Mountain Whip Snake

Afsar, Cicek, Dincaslan, Ayaz & Tok 2013 Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Geniez 2018 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Muhtarophis (Turkish Black-headed Snake)
  *
Muhtarophis barani

Turkish Black-headed Snake

Avci, Uzum, Ilgaz & Olgun 2009 Geniez 2018 Olgun, Avci, Ilgaz, Uzum & Yilmaz 2007 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013
Genus Natrix (Eurasian Keelbacks)
 
Natrix natrix

Common European Grass Snake

Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as megalocephala] Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Goecmen, Mebert, Akman, Yalcinkaya, Karis & Erturhan 2011 [as megalocephala] Ilgaz, Baran & Kumlutas 2005 [as megalocephala] Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Kabisch in Boehme (ed.) 1999 Kindler, Boehme, Corti, Gvozdik, Jablonski, Jandzik, Metallinou, Siroky & Fritz 2013 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Natrix tessellata

Dice Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Goecmen, Cicek, Yildiz, Atatur, Dincaslan & Mebert 2011 Gruschwitz, Lenz, Mebert & Lanka in Boehme (ed.) 1999 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
Genus Platyceps (Flat-headed Whip Snakes)
 
Platyceps collaris

Red Whip Snake

Afsar, Cicek, Dincaslan, Ayaz & Tok 2013 Darevsky & Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1993 [as Coluber najadum rubriceps] Geniez 2018 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Schatti, Baran & Maunoir 2001 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as rubriceps] Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Platyceps karelini

Spotted Desert Whip Snake

Geniez 2018 [as chesneii] Schatti 2006 [as "cf. ventromaculatus"] Schatti, Kucharzewski, Masroor & Rastegar-Pouyani 2012 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as ventromaculatus] Yildiz 2011 [as ventromaculatus]
 
Platyceps najadum

European Slender Whip Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Darevsky & Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Geniez 2018 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Platyceps rhodorachis

Wadi Whip Snake

Yilmaz, Ilgaz, Uzum & Avci 2021
Genus Rhynchocalamus (Middle East Black-headed Snakes)
 
Rhynchocalamus melanocephalus

Palestine Black-headed Snake

Geniez 2018 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Rhynchocalamus satunini

Armenian Black-headed Snake

Amr & Disi 2011 Geniez 2018 Leviton, Anderson, Adler & Minton 1992 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Szczerbak 2003
Genus Spalerosophis (Diadem Snakes)
 
Spalerosophis diadema

Common Diadem Snake

Baran, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Turkosan & Avci 2004 Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Franzen, Yildiz, Akman & Yalcinkaya 2009 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
Genus Telescopus (Afro-Asian Cat Snakes)
 
Telescopus fallax

European Cat Snake

Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Christopoulos 2022 Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Grillitsch & Grillitsch in Boehme (ed.) 1999 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021
 
Telescopus nigriceps

Black-headed Cat Snake

Goecmen, Nilson, Yildiz, Arikan, Yalcinkaya & Akman 2007 Ilgaz, Avci, Kumlutas, Baran & Ozdemir 2007 Ilgaz, Baran, Avci & Kumlutas 2006 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013
Genus Zamenis (Western Palearctic Rat Snakes)
 
Zamenis hohenackeri

Transcaucasian Rat Snake

Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Geniez 2018 Hofmann, Mebert, Schulz, Helfenberger, Goecmen & Boehme 2018 Mulder 2019 Schulz 1996 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Zamenis longissimus

Common Aesculapian Snake

Geniez 2018 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Schulz 1996 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Zamenis situla

Leopard Snake

Geniez 2018 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Walterinnesia (Black Desert Cobras)
 
Walterinnesia morgani

Eastern Black Desert Cobra

Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Franzen, Yildiz, Akman & Yalcinkaya 2009 Nilson & Rastegar-Pouyani 2007 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Ugurtas, Papenfuss & Orlov 2001 [as W. aegyptia]
 Family Lamprophiidae (House Snakes, etc.)
Genus Malpolon (Montpellier Snakes)
 
Malpolon insignitus

Eastern Montpellier Snake

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Geniez 2018 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as M. monspessulanus] Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Myriopholis (Many-scaled Thread Snakes)
 
Myriopholis macrorhyncha

Large-snouted Thread Snake

Baran, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Turkosan & Avci 2004 Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Franzen, Yildiz, Akman & Yalcinkaya 2009 Hahn & Wallach 1998 Hahn 1978 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Ugurtas, Sevinc, Oz & Kaya 2006 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Goecmen & Akman 2009
 Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes)
Genus Letheobia (African Gracile Blind Snakes)
 
Letheobia episcopa

Turkish Gracile Blind Snake

Franzen & Wallach 2002 Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Franzen, Yildiz, Akman & Yalcinkaya 2009 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
Genus Xerotyphlops (Desert Blind Snakes)
 
Xerotyphlops vermicularis

European Worm Snake

Afsar, Cicek, Dincaslan, Ayaz & Tok 2013 Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Macrovipera (Giant Vipers)
 
Macrovipera lebetinus

Blunt-nosed Viper

Afsar, Cicek, Dincaslan, Ayaz & Tok 2013 Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Mulder 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tok, Cihan & Ayaz 2002 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
Genus Montivipera (Middle East Mountain Vipers)
  *
Montivipera bulgardaghica

Taurus Viper

David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Arikan, Yildiz, Mermer & Alpagut-Keskin 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Nilson, Andren & Flard 1990 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Montivipera raddei

Armenian Mountain Viper

David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Mulder 2019 Sigg 1987 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
  *
Montivipera wagneri

Ocellated Mountain Viper

David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Kumlutas, Ilgaz & Candan 2015 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Montivipera xanthina

Ottoman Viper

Afsar, Yakin, Cicek & Ayaz 2019 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Joger & Nilson in Joger & Stumpel 2005 Kurnaz, Bulbul, Eroglu, Kutrup & Koc 2018 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
Genus Vipera (Typical Vipers or Adders)
 
Vipera ammodytes

European Nose-horned Viper

Afsar, Cicek, Dincaslan, Ayaz & Tok 2013 Akkaya & Ugurtas 2012 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Heckes, Gruber & Stumpel in Joger & Stumpel 2005 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Ursenbacher, Schweiger, Tomovic, Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Fumagalli & Mayer 2008 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
  *
Vipera anatolica

Anatolian Mountain Steppe Viper

David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Goecmen, Mebert, Karis, Oguz & Ursebacher 2017 Nilson & Andren 2001 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
  *
Vipera barani

North Anatolian Viper

Avci, Uzum & Olgun 2004 David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Goecmen, Mebert & Karis 2015 Gul 2020 Kumlutas, Soezen & Ilgaz 2013 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Vipera berus

Northern Eurasian Viper

Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 
Vipera darevskii

South Caucasian Viper

Geniez 2018 Tuniyev, Avci, Ilgaz, Olgun, Petrova, Bodrov, Geniez & Teynie 2018
 
Vipera eriwanensis

Armenian Mountain Steppe Viper

Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Gvozdik, Jandzik, Cordos, Rehak & Kotlik 2012 Kukushkin, Iskenderov, Axmedov, Bunyatova & Zinenko 2012 Mulder 2019 Nilson & Andren 2001 Nilson, Tuniyev, Orlov, Hoeggren & Andren 1995 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tuniyev 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
 
Vipera kaznakovi

Caucasian Red Viper

David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Gvozdik, Jandzik, Cordos, Rehak & Kotlik 2012 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Orlov & Tuniyev 2005 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Tuniyev 2016 Venchi & Sindaco 2007
  *
Vipera olguni

Ardahan Mountain Viper

Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as darevskii] Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011 [as darevskii] Avci, Ilgaz, Baskaya, Baran & Kumlutas 2010 [as darevskii] David & Vogel 2010 [as darevskii] Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 [as darevskii] Tuniyev, Avci, Ilgaz, Olgun, Petrova, Bodrov, Geniez & Teynie 2018 Tuniyev, Avci, Tuniyev, Agasian & Agasian 2012
  *
Vipera sakoi

Otlubekli Viper

Tuniyev, Avci, Ilgaz, Olgun, Petrova, Bodrov, Geniez & Teynie 2018

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta

Loggerhead Sea Turtle

Gramentz in Fritz (ed.) 2005 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas

Green Sea Turtle

Gramentz & Fritz in Fritz (ed.) 2005 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea

Leatherback Sea Turtle

Frazier, Gramentz & Fritz in Fritz (ed.) 2005 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles)
Genus Emys (European Pond Turtles)
 
Emys orbicularis

Common European Pond Turtle

Fritz in Fritz (ed.) 2001 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Mauremys (Stripe-necked Turtles)
 
Mauremys caspica

Caspian Turtle

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Mulder 2019 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Wischuf & Fritz in Fritz (ed.) 2001 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Mauremys rivulata

Balkan Pond Turtle

Fritz & Havas 2006 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mantziou & Rifai 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
 Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
Genus Testudo (Palearctic Tortoises)
 
Testudo graeca

Spur-thighed Tortoise

Akman, Yildiz, Ozcan, Bozkurt, Igci & Goecmen 2018 Avci, Uzum, Bozkurt & Olgun 2018 Buskirk, Keller & Andreu in Fritz (ed.) 2001 Gidis & Baskale 2020 Jablonski & Stloukal 2012 Mulder 2019 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Turkozan, Kiremit, Taskavac & Olgun 2005 Turkozan, Olgun, Taskavac & Kiremit 2004 Yildiz, Igci & Akman 2021 Yildiz, Igci, Akman & Goecmen 2018
 
Testudo hermanni

Greek Tortoise

Bertolero, Cheylan, Hailey, Livoreil & Willemsen 2011 Cheylan in Fritz (ed.) 2001 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Turkozan, Kiremit, Taskavac & Olgun 2005
 Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles)
Genus Rafetus (Bicallosite Softshell Turtles)
 
Rafetus euphraticus

Euphrates Softshell Turtle

Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 Taskavak, Atatur, Ghaffari & Meylan 2016
Genus Trionyx (African Softshell Turtle)
 
Trionyx triunguis

African Softshell Turtle

Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000