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Taxonomy of the genus Liodytes Biodiversity of the family Colubridae

Bibliography of the genus
Liodytes (North American Swamp Snakes)

(Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Liodytes in general

Gibbons, J.W.; Dorcas, M.E. 2004. North American watersnakes. A natural history. University of Oklahoma, Norman. 496 pp.

Mara, W.P. 1995. Water Snakes of North America. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 64 pp.

McVay, J.D.; Carstens, B. 2013. Testing monophyly without well-supported gene trees: evidence from multi-locus nuclear data conflicts with existing taxonomy in the snake tribe Thamnophiini. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68(3): 425-431.

McVay, J.D.; Flores-Villela, O.; Carstens, B. 2015. Diversification of North American natricine snakes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 116(1): 1-12.

Price, R. 1983. Microdermatoglyphics: the Liodytes-Regina problem. Journal of Herpetology 17(3): 292-294.

Rossman, D.A. 1963. Relationships and taxonomic status of the North American natricine snake genera Liodytes, Regina, and Clonophis. Occasional Papers Museum of Zoology Louisiana State University 29: 1-29.

Rossman, D.A. 1985. Liodytes resurrected, reexamined, and reinterred. Journal of Herpetology 19(1): 169-171.

Liodytes alleni

Auffenberg, W. 1950. A new subspecies of the mud snake. Herpetologica 6: 13-16.

Cooper, B.W. 1948. An erythristic Liodytes alleni. Copeia 1948(4): 304.

Demuth, J.P. 1997. Natural history notes: Regina alleni (Striped Crayfish Snake). Size. Herpetological Review 28(2): 90-91.

Dorcas, M.E.; Poppy, S.M.; Ernst, C.H.; Gibbons, J.W. 2003. Regina alleni. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 778: 1-4.

Durso, A.M.; Marquez, D.; Middleton, J.; Herrera, R. 2017. Natural history notes: Liodytes allenii (Striped Crayfish Snake). Predation. Herpetological Review 48(4): 860-861.

Franz, R. 1976. Feeding behaviour in the snakes, Regina alleni and Regina rigida. (Abstract). Herpetological Review 7(2): 82.

Franz, R. 1977. Observations on the food, feeding behavior, and parasites of the striped swamp snake, Regina alleni. Herpetologica 33(1): 91-94.

Godley, J.S. 1976. Ontogenetic shifts in food habits of a crayfish eating specialist: Regina alleni (Serpentes: Colubridae). (Abstract). Herpetological Review 7(2): 84-85.

Godley, J.S. 1980. Foraging ecology of the striped swamp snake, Regina alleni, in southern Florida. Ecological Monographs 50(4): 411-436.

Godley, J.S. 1982. Predation and defensive behavior of the striped swamp snake (Regina alleni). Florida Field Naturalist 10(2): 31-36.

Godwin, J.C. 1992. Life history notes: Regina alleni (Striped Crayfish Snake). Predation. Herpetological Review 23(3): 82.

Mueller, N.J.; Krysko, K.L. 2014. Geographic distribution: Regina alleni (Striped Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 45(3): 466-467.

Neill, W.T. 1951. Notes on the natural history of certain North American snakes. Publ. Res. Div. Ross Allen Rept. Inst. 1(5): Unpaginated.

O'Brien, C.J. 1998. Natural history notes: Regina alleni (Striped Crayfish Snake). Antipredator behavior. Herpetological Review 29(1): 46-47.

Palis, J.G. 2002. Geographic distribution: Regina alleni (Striped Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 33(2): 151.

Roelke, C.E. 2005. Natural history notes: Regina alleni (Glossy Crayfish Snake). CoLoration. Herpetological Review 36(2): 196.

Szelistowski, W.A.; Meylan, P.A. 1996. Natural history notes: Regina alleni (Striped Crayfish Snake). Predation. Herpetological Review 27(4): 204-205.

Tschambers, B. 1950. Number of young Liodytes alleni. Herpetologica 6(2): 48.

Waters, R.M.; Burghardt, G.M. 2013. Prey availability influences the ontogeny and timing of chemoreception-Based prey shifting in the Striped Crayfish Snake, Regina alleni. Journal of Comparative Psychology 127(1): 49-55.

Liodytes pygaea

Aycrigg, A.D.; Farrell, T.M.; May, P.G. 1996. Natural history notes: Seminatrix pygaea pygaea (Black Swamp Snake). Predation. Herpetological Review 27(2): 84.

Bailey, M.A. 1987. Geographic distribution: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swamp Snake). Herpetological Review 18(1): 20-21.

Cope, E.D. 1895. On some new North American snakes. American Naturalist 29: 676-680.

Corrington, J.D. 1927. Seminatrix pygaea in South Carolina. Copeia 1927(161): 185-187.

Dodd, C.K. 1993. Population structure, body mass, activity, and orientation of an aquatic snake (Seminatrix pygaea) during a drought. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71(7): 1281-1288.

Dorcas, M.E.; Whitfield Gibbons, J.; Dowling, H.G. 1998. Seminatrix, S. pygaea. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 679: 1-5.

Dowling, H.G. 1950. Studies of the black swamp snake, Seminatrix pygaea (Cope), with descriptions of two new subspecies. Miscellaneous Publications Museum of Zoology University of Michigan 76: 1-38.

Durso, A.M.; Davis, S.F.; Carter, R.F.; Keim, M.; Lynch, T.; Smith, L. 2017. Natural history notes: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swampsnake). Predation. Herpetological Review 48(3): 683-685.

Durso, A.M.; Rosenthal, B. 2016. Natural history notes: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swampsnake). Predation. Herpetological Review 47(3): 484-485.

Durso, A.M.; Willson, J.D.; Winne, C.T. 2011. Needles in haystacks: estimating detection probability and occupancy of rare and cryptic snakes. Biological Conservation 144(5): 1508-1515.

Durso, A.M.; Willson, J.D.; Winne, C.T. 2013. Habitat influences diet overlap in aquatic snake assemblages. Journal of Zoology (London) 291(3): 185-193.

Dyke, J.U. van 2004. Geographic distribution: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swampsnake). Herpetological Review 35(1): 84.

Freeman, H.W. 1955. Part V. The amphibia and reptilia of the Savannah river project area. 2. Chelonia. 3. Crocodilia, Sauria and Serpentes. U.S. Cur. Publ. Biol. 1(4): 239-244, 275-291.

Gray, B.S. 2010. Distribution of native and exotic earthworms in the eastern United States: implications for the ecology of vermivorous snakes. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 45(5): 73-86.

Hopkins, W.A.; Winne, C.T. 2006. Influence of body size on swimming performance of four species of neonatal natricine snakes acutely exposed to a cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticide. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25(5): 1208-1213.

Horn, K.; Kontos, C. 2018. Natural history notes: Liodytes pygaea cyclas (Southern Florida Swampsnake) and Coluber constrictor (North American Racer). Predation and diet. Herpetological Review 49(2): 345.

Horton, R.T. 1968. Seminatrix pygaea in Alabama. Journal of Herpetology 1: 94-95.

Kean, C.A.; Tuberville, T.D. 1995. Natural history notes: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swamp Snake). Size. Herpetological Review 26(2): 103.

Mays, J.D.; Enge, K.M.; Moler, P.E. 2016. Geographic distribution: Liodytes pygaea pygaea (Northern Florida Swampsnake). Herpetological Review 47(4): 630.

Mills, M.S.; Poppy, S.M.; Mills, A.M.; Ryan, T.J.; Dorcas, M.E. 2000. Natural history notes: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swamp Snake). Diet. Herpetological Review 31(1): 47.

Moler, P.E.; Mansell, B.W. 1985. Geographic distribution: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swamp Snake). Herpetological Review 16(2): 60.

Neill, W.T. 1951. Notes on the natural history of certain North American snakes. Publ. Res. Div. Ross Allen Rept. Inst. 1(5): Unpaginated.

Palmer, W.M.; Paul, J.R. 1963. The black swamp snake, Seminatrix pygaea paludis Dowling, in North Carolina. Herpetologica 19: 219-221.

Palmer, W.M.; Whitehead, D.E. 1960. A range extension of the swamp snake, Seminatrix pygaea paludis Dowling. Herpetologica 16: 201.

Parker, D.J. 2007. Geographic distribution: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swampsnake). USA: Florida: Okeechobee Co. Herpetological Review 38(2): 221-222.

Rossman, D.A. 1956. Notes on food of a captive black swamp snake, Seminatrix pygaea pygaea (Cope). Herpetologica 12: 154-155.

Schmidt, C.J. 2003. Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swamp Snake). Journal of Kansas Herpetology 5: 10.

Seigel, R.A.; Loraine, R.K.; Whitfield Gibbons, J. 1995. Reproductive cycles and temporal variation in fecundity in the Black Swamp Snake, Seminatrix pygaea. American Midland Naturalist 134(2): 371-377.

Sever, D.M.; Ryan, T.J. 1999. Ultrastructure of the reproductive system of the Black Swamp Snake (Seminatrix pygaea): part 1. Evidence for oviducal sperm storage. Journal of Morphology 241(1): 1-18.

Wallace, M.P.; Stevenson, D.J. 2007. Geographic distribution: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swampsnake). USA: Florida: Nassau Co. Herpetological Review 38(2): 221.

Willson, J.D.; Winne, C.T. 2016. Evaluating the functional importance of secretive species: a case study of aquatic snake predators in isolated wetlands. Journal of Zoology (London) 298(4): 266-273.

Willson, J.D.; Winne, C.T.; Dorcas, M.E.; Gibbons, J.W. 2006. Post-drought responses of semi-aquatic snakes inhabiting an isolated wetland: insights on different strategies for persistence in a dynamic habitat. Wetlands 26(4): 1071-1078.

Willson, J.D.; Winne, C.T.; Todd, B.D. 2011. Ecological and methodological factors affecting detectability and population estimation in elusive species. Journal of Wildlife Management 75(1): 36-45.

Winne, C.T. 2005. Increases in capture rates of an aquatic snake (Seminatrix pygaea) using naturally baited minnow traps: Evidence for aquatic funnel trapping as a measure of foraging activity. Herpetological Review 36(4): 411-413.

Winne, C.T. 2005. Natural history notes: Seminatrix pygaea (Black Swamp Snake). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 36(4): 460.

Winne, C.T.; Dorcas, M.E.; Poppy, S.M. 2005. Population structure, body size, and seasonal activity of Black Swamp Snakes (Seminatrix pygaea). Southeastern Naturalist 4(1): 1-14.

Winne, C.T.; Hopkins, W.A. 2006. Influence of sex and reproductive condition on terrestrial and aquatic locomotor performance in the semi-aquatic snake Seminatrix pygaea. Functional Ecology 20(6): 1054-1061.

Winne, C.T.; Ryan, T.J.; Leiden, Y.; Dorcas, M.E. 2001. Evaporative water loss in two natricine snakes, Nerodia fasciata and Seminatrix pygaea. Journal of Herpetology 35(1): 129-133.

Winne, C.T.; Willson, J.D.; Gibbons, J.W. 2006. Income breeding allows an aquatic snake Seminatrix pygaea to reproduce normally following prolonged drought-induced aestivation. Journal of Animal Ecology 75(6): 1352-1360.

Winne, C.T.; Willson, J.D.; Whitfield-Gibbons, J. 2010. Drought survival and reproduction impose contrasting selection pressures on maximum body size and sexual size dimorphism in a snake, Seminatrix pygaea. Oecologia (Berlin) 162(4): 913-922.

Liodytes rigida

Auth, D.L.; Franz, R. 1987. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 18(1): 20.

Beane, J.C. 1988. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 19(3): 60.

Brown, B.C. 1947. Natrix rigida in Texas. Herpetologica 4(1): 23.

Buhlmann, K.A.; Savitsky, A.H.; Savitsky, B.A.; Mitchell, J.C. 1993. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 24(4): 156-157.

Connior, M.B. 2011. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 42(3): 396.

Curtis, L.; Tinkle, D.W. 1951. The striped water snake, Natrix rigida (Say), in Texas. Field & Lab. 19: 72-74.

Dillman, W.; Mousseau, T. 2007. Natural history notes: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Melanism. Herpetological Review 38(4): 469.

Durso, A.M.; Willson, J.D.; Winne, C.T. 2011. Needles in haystacks: estimating detection probability and occupancy of rare and cryptic snakes. Biological Conservation 144(5): 1508-1515.

Durso, A.M.; Willson, J.D.; Winne, C.T. 2013. Habitat influences diet overlap in aquatic snake assemblages. Journal of Zoology (London) 291(3): 185-193.

Eimermacher, T.G.; Green, D.T.; Watkins, L. 2006. Natural history notes: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Maximum size. Herpetological Review 37(4): 480.

Enge, K.M. 1998. Natural history notes: Amphiuma means (Two-toed Amphiuma). Diet. Herpetological Review 29(3): 162.

Franz, R. 1976. Feeding behaviour in the snakes, Regina alleni and Regina rigida. (Abstract). Herpetological Review 7(2): 82.

Hall, D.W. 2007. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). USA: Texas: Fort Bend Co. Herpetological Review 38(2): 221.

Harrison, B.B.; Enge, K.M.; Mays, J.D. 2016. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida rigida (Eastern Glossy Swampsnake). Herpetological Review 47(1): 84.

Hart, M.P.; Davega, H.; Arnott, S.A.; Harold, A.S.; Grosse, A.M. 2016. Natural history notes: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Predation. Herpetological Review 47(4): 688.

Hibbitts, T.; Hibbitts, T.L. 1998. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida sinicola (Gulf Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 29(3): 178.

Huheey, J.E. 1959. Distribution and variation in the glossy water snake, Natrix rigida (Say). Copeia 1959: 303-311.

Huheey, J.E.; Palmer, W.H. 1962. The eastern glossy water snake Regina rigida rigida in North Carolina. Herpetologica 18: 140-141.

Kofron, C.P. 1979. Reproduction of aquatic snakes in south central Louisiana. Herpetologica 35(1): 44-50.

Langford, G.J.; Borden, J.A. 2007. Natural history notes: Regina rigida sinicola (Gulf Crayfish Snake). Diet. Herpetological Review 38(2): 210-211.

Lewis, T.E.; Collins, J.T. 2000. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 31(3): 187.

Livezey, R.L. 1951. Natrix rigida from Tyler County, Texas. Herpetologica 7: 60.

McAllister, C.T.; Robison, H.B.; Neely, D.A. 2016. Geographic distribution: Liodytes rigida sinicola (Gulf Swampsnake). Herpetological Review 47(3): 427.

Mccardle, L.D.; Fontenot, C.L. 2016. The influence of thermal biology on road mortality risk in snakes. Journal of Thermal Biology 56: 39-49.

Moulis, R.A.; Williamson, G.K. 1996. Natural history notes: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Behavior. Herpetological Review 27(3): 146-147.

Myer, P.A. 1987. Feeding behavior of the Glossy Crayfish Snake, Regina rigida. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 23(4): 168-170.

Nakamure, E.L.; Smith, H. 1960. A comparative study of selected characters in certain American species of watersnakes. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Sciences 63: 102-113.

Palis, J.G. 2006. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 37(1): 109.

Palmer, W.M. 1959. A second record of the glossy water snake in North Carolina. Herpetologica 15: 47.

Plummer, M.V.; McKenzie, D.F. 2004. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida sinicola (Gulf Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 35(4): 412.

Shoop, C.R. 1959. Additional melanistic specimens of Natrix rigida. Herpetologica 15: 160.

Trauth, S.E.; Chaffin, P. 1986. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida sinicola (Gulf Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 17(3): 67.

Viosca, P. 1926. A snake tragedy. Copeia 1926(151): 109.

Welker, M.E.; Arnold, M. 2008. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 39(1): 112.

Williams, A.A. 1997. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 28(2): 98-99.

Williams, A.A.; Gregory, B.B. 2001. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 32(4): 279.

Wood, K.N. 1998. Geographic distribution: Regina rigida rigida (Glossy Crayfish Snake). Herpetological Review 29(4): 249.