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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: December 31st, 2022.


Taxonomy of the family Scincidae
Bibliography of the genus Plestiodon
Biodiversity of the family Scincidae








Genus
Plestiodon

Blue-tailed Skinks, Toothy Skinks, Long Skinks, (Long-legged Skinks)

Zahnskinke

Tandskinker

1839 Plestiodon Dumeril & Bibron (type species: Lacerta quinquelineata Linnaeus 1766)
1843 Pariocela Fitzinger (type species: Scincus laticeps Schneider 1801; syn. Smith 2005)
1843 Pleistodon Fitzinger [emendation]
1848 Plistodon Agassiz [emendation]
1852 Lamprosaurus Hallowell (type species: Lamprosaurus guttulatus Hallowell 1852; syn. Taylor 1935)
1910 Neoseps Stejneger (type species: Neoseps reynoldsi Stejneger 1910; syn. Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004)
Contents: 50 species, of which 36 (72.0%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0% 100%
Remarks: Previously included in Eumeces (e.g., Taylor 1935). Revalidated (as Pariocela) by Griffith, Ngo & Murphy (2000). Subsequently, it was demonstrated that Pariocela is a junior synonym of Plestiodon (Smith 2005).
Distribution: North America, N. Central America, Bermuda, E. and SE. Asia.
Reported from: Belize, Bermuda, Cambodia, Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario), China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong [incl. Nan Ao Island], Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hong Kong [incl. Shek Kwu Chau Island], Hubei, Hunan, Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Macau, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Guatemala, Honduras, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Izu Islands, Ryukyu Islands [incl. Okinawa Islands, Sakishima Islands (incl. Miyako Islands, Yaeyama Islands), Satsunan Islands [incl. Tokara Islands (incl. Kuchinoshima)]), Laos, Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte [incl. Islas Coronados [incl. Isla Coronado Sur], Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas), North Korea, Russia (incl. Kuril Islands), Taiwan, Thailand, USA (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming), Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island).

Plestiodon anthracinus

Coal Skink

Kohlenskink

Kulskink

1849 Plestiodon anthracinus Baird
Eumeces anthracinus Cope 1875
Pariocela anthracinus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1880 Eumeces pluvialis Cope (Schmidt 1953)
Eumeces anthracinus pluvialis Smith 1946
Plestiodon anthracinus pluvialis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008

Other common names:
anthracinus: Northern Coal Skink
pluvialis: Southern Coal Skink
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia).


Plestiodon barbouri

Amami Islands Blue-tailed Skink, (Barbour's Skink)

Amami-Blauschwanzskink

Amami-blåhaleskink

1912 Eumeces barbouri Van Denburgh
Pariocela barbouri Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon barbouri Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands [incl. Okinawa Islands, Satsunan Islands]).


Plestiodon bilineatus

Two-lined Short-nosed Skink

Zweistreifiger Blauschwanzskink

Tostribet Blåhaleskink

1958 Eumeces brevirostris bilineatus Tanner
Plestiodon bilineatus Brandley, Ota, Hikida, Montes de Oca, Fería-Ortíz, Guo & Wang 2012

Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of brevirostris (e.g., Dixon 1969).
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Zacatecas),


Plestiodon brevirostris

Short-nosed Skink, (Chihuahua Short-nosed Skink)

Kurzschnäuziger Blauschwanzskink

Kortsnudet Blåhaleskink

1860 Mabouia brevirostris Günther
Eumeces brevirostris Bocourt 1879
Pariocela brevirostris Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon brevirostris Smith 2005 [by implication]
1960 Eumeces dicei pineus Axtell (status uncertain; Brandley, Ota, Hikida, Montes-de-Oca, Fería-Ortíz, Guo & Wang 2012)
Eumeces brevirostris pineus Dixon 1969

Other common names:
brevirostris: Eastern Short-nosed Skink
pineus: Pine Woods Short-nosed Skink
Remarks: Previously included bilineatus, dicei, and indubitus. The status of pineus is uncertain. The type locality is in Coahuila, however, brevirostris was not listed for the state by neither Lemos-Espinal & Smith (2016), nor Lazcano, Nevárez-de los Reyes, García-Padilla, Johnson, Mata-Silva, DeSantis & Wilson (2019), presumably because of the uncertain status of the form. The same is probably the case for Nuevo Leon, from where pineus has also been reported, however, brevirostris was not listed for the state by Nevárez-de los Reyes, Lazcano, García-Padilla, Mata-Silva, Johnson & Wilson (2016). Intergrades between pineus and dicei (status uncertain) have been recorded in Tamaulipas (Dixon 1969), but brevirostris was not listed for the state by Nevárez-de-los-Reyes, Lazcano, García-Padilla, Mata-Silva, Johnson & Wilson (2016). Not listed for Jalisco by Cruz-Sáenz, Muñoz-Nolasco, Mata-Silva, Johnson, García-Padilla & Wilson (2017). Records from Chihuahua (e.g., Zweifel 1954; Jones & Lovich (eds.) 2009) refer to bilineatus. The species was not included for the state by Lemos-Espinal, Smith, Woolrich-Piña & Cruz (2017). Not listed for Colima by Lemos-Espinal, Smith, Pierce & Painter (2020) or Reyes-Velasco, Grünwald, Jones & Ahumada-Carrillo (2020), although reported by Canseco-Márquez, Mendoza-Quijano, Ponce-Campos (2007).
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Colima, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas).


Plestiodon callicephalus

North American Mountain Skink

Nordamerikanischer Gebirgsskink

Nordamerikansk Bjergskink

1879 Eumeces callicephalus Bocourt
Eumeces tetragrammus callicephalus Lieb 1985
Plestiodon callicephalus Tanner 1987

Remarks: This species has been treated variously as a separate species (e.g., Tanner 1987, Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008; Echegoyen 2009) or as a subspecies of tetragrammus (e.g., Lieb 1985, 1990). A record from Queretaro (e.g., Smith & Taylor 1950; Zweifel 1962) is considered doubtful (Dixon, Ketchersid & Lieb 1972).
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas), USA (Arizona, New Mexico).


Plestiodon capito

Northern Chinese Blue-tailed Skink

Nordchinesischer Blauschwanzskink

Nordkinesisk Blåhaleskink

1879 Eumeces capito Bocourt
Pariocela capito Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon capito Smith 2005 [by implication]
1889 Eumeces xanthi Günther (Zhao & Adler 1993)
1924 Eumeces pekinensis Stejneger (Zhao & Adler 1993)

Distribution: China (Beijing, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin).


Plestiodon chinensis

Eastern Chinese Long Skink, Chinese Skink, Chinese Blue-tailed Skink

Ostchinesischer Blauschwanzskink, Chinaskink

Østkinesisk Blåhaleskink

1838 Tiliqua chinensis Gray
Plestiodon chinensis Gray 1845
Mabouia chinensis Swinhoe 1863
Eumeces chinensis Müller 1879
Pariocela chinensis Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1839 Plestiodon pulchrum Duméril & Bibron (Zhao & Adler 1993)
Eumeces pulcher Schmidt 1927
Eumeces chinensis pulcher Pope 1935
1839 Plestiodon sinense Duméril & Bibron (Taylor 1935)
1842 Tiliqua rufo-guttata Cantor (Stejneger 1907)
1912 Eumeces chinensis formosensis Denburgh
1983 Eumeces chinensis daishanensis Mao

Remarks: Previously included leucostictus. The eastern Taiwanese populations previously referred to chinensis, are now assigned to leucostictus, however, chinensis is still present in the western part of the island (Kurita, Nakamura, Okamoto, Lin & Hikida 2017).
Distribution: China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong [incl. Nan Ao Island], Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Macau, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Taiwan, Vietnam.


Plestiodon chinensis
© Rune Midtgaard

Plestiodon colimensis

Colima Skink

Colimaskink

Colimaskink

1935 Eumeces colimensis Taylor
Pariocela colimensis Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon colimensis Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan, Sinaloa).


Plestiodon copei

Central Mexican Blue-tailed Skink, (Cope's Skink)

Zentralamerikanischer Blauschwanzskink

Centralamerikansk Blåhaleskink

1933 Eumeces copei Taylor
Pariocela copei Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon copei Smith 2005 [by implication]

Remarks: Although included for Jalisco by Cruz-Sáenz, Guerrero, Lazcano & Télles-López (2009), presence in the state is considered undocumented herein, following Cruz-Sáenz, Muñoz-Nolasco, Mata-Silva, Johnson, García-Padilla & Wilson (2017), who did not list the species for Jalisco.
Distribution: Mexico (Distrito Federal, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz).


Plestiodon coreensis

Korean Skink

Koreaskink

Koreaskink

1937 Eumeces coreensis Doi & Kamita
Pariocela coreensis Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon coreensis Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: North Korea.


Plestiodon dicei

Tamaulipan Blue-tailed Skink, (Dice's Short-nosed Skink)

Tamaulipas-Blauschwanzskink

Tamaulipas-blåhaleskink

1933 Eumeces dicei Ruthven & Gaige
Eumeces brevirostris dicei Dixon 1969
Plestiodon dicei Brandley, Ota, Hikida, Montes de Oca, Fería-Ortíz, Guo & Wang 2012

Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of brevirostris (e.g., Dixon 1969; Robinson 1979). Revalidated as a separate species by Brandley, Ota, Hikida, Montes de Oca, Fería-Ortíz, Guo & Wang (2012).
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas).


Plestiodon dugesii

Guanajuato Blue-tailed Skink, (Dugès' Skink)

Guanajuato-Blauschwanzskink

Guanajuato-blåhaleskink

1883 Eumeces dugesii Thominot
Pariocela dugesii Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon dugesii Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan).


Plestiodon egregius

North American Mole Skink

Nordamerikanischer Maulwurfskink

Nordamerikansk Muldvarpeskink

1858 Plestiodon egregius Baird
Eumeces egregius Cope 1875
Pariocela egregius Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1871 Plistodon onocrepis Cope (Mount 1965)
Eumeces egregius onocrepis Taylor 1935
Plestiodon egregius onocrepis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1957 Eumeces egregius similis McConkey
Plestiodon egregius similis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1965 Eumeces egregius insularis Mount
Eumeces insularis Collins 1991
Plestiodon egregius insularis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1965 Eumeces egregius lividus Mount
Plestiodon egregius lividus Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008

Other common names:
egregius: Florida Keys Mole Skink
insularis: Cedar Key Mole Skink
lividus: Blue-tailed Mole Skink
onocrepis: Peninsula Mole Skink
similis: Northern Mole Skink
Remarks: Collins (1991) suggested recognition of insularis as a separate species.
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia).


Plestiodon elegans

Elegant Five-lined Skink, Elegant Blue-tailed Skink, Five-striped Blue-tailed Skink, Shanghai Elegant Skink

Chinesischer Fünfstreifiger Skink

Kinesisk Femstribet Skink

1887 Eumeces elegans Boulenger
Lygosoma elegans Günther 1888
Plestiodon elegans Sun 1926
Pariocela elegans Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1863 Mabouia chinensis Swinhoe [not Tiliqua chinensis Gray 1838] (Stejneger 1907)
1879 Eumeces pulchra Bocourt [not Plestiodon pulchrum Duméril & Bibron] (Stejneger 1907)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong [incl. Nan Ao Island], Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan (Ryukyu Islands [incl. Sakishima Islands]), Taiwan, Vietnam.


Plestiodon fasciatus

North American Five-lined Skink

Amerikanischer Streifenskink

Nordamerikansk Femstribet Skink, (Båndskink)

1758 Lacerta fasciata Linnaeus
Scincus fasciatus DeKay 1842
Plestiodon fasciatus Baird 1859
Eumeces fasciata Cope 1875
Pariocela fasciatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1766 Lacerta quinquelineata Linnaeus (Schmidt 1953)
1856 Plestiodon vittigerum Hallowell (Schmidt 1953)
1868 Plistodon striatus Abbott (Schmidt 1953)
1871 Plistodon lineatus Cope (Schmidt 1953)

Remarks: Reported twice from Massachusetts during 19th century. Apparently extirpated, but may still exist in the western part of the state (Klemens 1993).
Extinct in: USA (Massachusetts).
Distribution: Canada (Ontario), USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin).


Plestiodon finitimus

Northern Japanese Blue-tailed Skink

Nordjapanischer Blauschwanzskink

Nordjapansk Blåhaleskink

2012 Plestiodon finitimus Okamoto & Hikida

Remarks: Records of latiscutatus from Kunashir Island (Kuril Islands, Russia [but claimed by Japan]) are here tentatively regarded as a population of finitimus, following Okamoto & Hikida (2012).
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), Russia (Kuril Islands).


Plestiodon gilberti

North American Brown Skink, (Gilbert's Skink)

Nordamerikanischer Brauner Skink

Nordamerikansk Brun Skink

1896 Eumeces gilberti Van Denburgh
Pariocela gilberti Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon gilberti Smith 2005 [by implication]
1900 Eumeces skiltonianus brevipes Cope (Jones 1985)
1935 Eumeces gilberti rubricaudatus Taylor
Eumeces rubricaudatus Smith 1946
Plestiodon gilberti rubricaudatus Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1944 Eumeces gilberti placerensis Rodgers
Plestiodon gilberti placerensis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1947 Eumeces gilberti cancellosus Rodgers & Fitch
Plestiodon gilberti cancellosus Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1954 Eumeces gilberti arizonensis Lowe & Shannon
Eumeces arizonensis Collins 1991
Plestiodon gilberti arizonensis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008

Other common names:
arizonensis: Arizona Skink
cancellosus: Variegated Skink
gilberti: Greater Brown Skink
placerensis: Northern Brown Skink
rubricaudatus: Western Red-tailed Skink
Remarks: Richmond & Reeder (2002) presented evidence that gilberti consists os three separate species, but no formal taxonomic decisions were made by the authors (Crother, Boundy & al. 2003). Collins (1991) suggested recognition of arizonensis as a separate species.
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte [incl. Islas Coronados]), USA (Arizona, California, Nevada).


Plestiodon indubitus

Mexican Short-nosed Skink

Mexicanischer Blauschwanzskink

Mexicansk Blåhaleskink

1933 Eumeces indubitus Taylor
Eumeces brevirostris indubitus Dixon 1969
Plestiodon indubitus Brandley, Ota, Hikida, Montes de Oca, Fería-Ortíz, Guo & Wang 2012

Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of brevirostris (e.g., Dixon 1969). Revalidated as a separate species by Brandley, Ota, Hikida, Montes de Oca, Fería-Ortíz, Guo & Wang (2012). Presence in Distrito Federal not considered verified by Lemos-Espinal & Smith (2020).
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos).


Plestiodon inexpectatus

Southeastern Five-lined Skink

Südöstlicher Fünfstreifiger Skink

Sydøstlig Femstribet Skink

1932 Eumeces inexpectatus Taylor
Pariocela inexpectatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon inexpectatus Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia).


Plestiodon japonicus

Japanese Five-lined Skink, Far Eastern Skink

Japanischer Fünfstreifiger Skink

Japansk Femstribet Skink

1838 Scincus quinquelineatus Schlegel [not Lacerta quinquelineata Linnaeus 1766]
1864 Eumeces quinquelineatus japonicus Peters
Eumeces japonicus Goris & Maeda 2004
Pariocela japonicus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon japonicus Smith 2005 [by implication]

Remarks: For a long time, this species was known as latiscutatus (e.g., Stejneger 1907; Taylor 1935), however, this name has been shown to correspond to the species previously known as okadae.
Introduced to: Japan (Izu Islands).
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Ryukyu Islands [incl. Satsunan Islands]).


Plestiodon kishinouyei

Ryukyu Islands Giant Skink, (Kishinoue's Giant Skink)

Ryukyu-Riesenskink

Ryukyu-kæmpeskink

1901 Eumeces kishinouyei Stejneger
Pariocela kishninouyei Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon kishinouyei Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Sakishima Islands [incl. Miyako Islands, Yaeyama Islands]).


Plestiodon kuchinoshimensis

Kuchinoshima Five-lined Skink

Kuchinoshima-Blauschwanzskink

Kuchinoshima-blåhaleskink

2014 Plestiodon kuchinoshimensis Kurita & Hikida

Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Satsunan Islands: Tokara Islands: Kuchinoshima).


Plestiodon lagunensis

San Lucan Skink

San-Lucas-Skink

San Lucas-skink

1895 Eumeces lagunensis Van Denburgh
Plestiodon lagunensis Van Denburgh & Slevin 1921
Plestiodon skiltonianus lagunensis Nelson 1922
Eumeces skiltonianus lagunensis Linsdale 1932
Pariocela lagunensis Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]

Remarks: Status uncertain. Most recent authors seem to recognise it as a separate species from skiltonianus (e.g., Flores-Villela 1993; Liner 1994).
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur).


Plestiodon laticeps

North American Broad-headed Skink

Breitkopfskink, Rotkopfskink

Nordamerikansk Bredhovedskink

1801 Scincus laticeps Schneider
Plestiodon laticeps Duméril & Bibron 1839
Eumeces laticeps Peters 1864
Pariocela laticeps Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1801 Lacerta tristata Latreille (Cooper 1988)
1818 Scincus erythrocephalus Gilliams (Cooper 1988)
1824 Scincus bicolor Harlan (Cooper 1988)
1835 Scincus americanus Harlan (Cooper 1988)
1900 Eumeces polygrammus Cope (Cooper 1988)

Remarks: Presence in Pennsylvania needs confirmation. Only two records, one from 1905 and one from 1985 (Hulse, McCoy & Censky 2001).
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia).


Plestiodon latiscutatus

Izu Islands Five-lined Skink, (Okada's Five-lined Skink)

Izu-Blauschwanzskink

Izu-blåhaleskink

1860 Plestiodon latiscutatus Hallowell
Eumeces latiscutatus Goris & Maeda 2004
Pariocela latiscutatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1907 Eumeces latiscutatus okadae Stejneger (Goris & Maeda 2004)
Eumeces okadae Taylor 1935

Remarks: Now restricted to the Izu Peninsula of Honshu and Izu Islands, as records from remaining parts of Honshu represent finitimus (Okamoto & Hikida 2012). Records from Kunashir Island (Kuril Islands, Russia) are here tentatively regarded as a population of finitimus, following Okamoto & Hikida (2012).
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Izu Islands).


Plestiodon leucostictus

Taiwanese Long Skink

Taiwanischer Blauschwanzskink

Taiwansk Blåhaleskink

1988 Eumeces chinensis leucostictus Hikida
Pariocela chinensis leucosticta Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 (by implication)
Plestiodon chinensis leucostictus Smith 2005 (by implication)
Plestiodon leucostictus Kurita, Nakamura, Okamoto, Lin & Hikida 2017

Remarks: Includes the eastern Taiwanese populations previously assigned to P. chinesis formosensis.
Distribution: Taiwan (incl. Lutao Island).


Plestiodon liui

Jiangsu Blue-tailed Skink

Jiangsu-Blauschwanzskink

Jiangsu-blåhaleskink

1989 Eumeces liui Hikida & Zhao
Pariocela liui Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon liui Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: China (Guangdong [incl. Nan Ao Island], Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang).


Plestiodon longiartus

South Guerreran Blue-tailed Skink

Südlicher Guerrero-Blauschwanzskink

Sydlig Guerrero-blåhaleskink

2021 Plestiodon longiartus García-Vázquez, Pavón-Vázquez, Feria-Ortiz & Nieto-Montes de Oca

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca).





Plestiodon longirostris

Bermuda Rock Skink, Bermuda Rock Lizard

Bermudaskink

Bermudaskink

1861 Plestiodon longirostris Cope
Eumeces longirostris Cope 1875
Pariocela longirostris Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]

Distribution: Bermuda.


Plestiodon lotus

Balsas Blue-tailed Skink

Balsas-Blauschwanzskink

Balsas-blåhaleskink

2017 Plestiodon lotus Pavón-Vázquez, Nieto-Montes de Oca, Mendoza-Hernández, Centenero-Alcalá, Santa Cruz-Padilla & Jiménez-Arcos

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla).


Plestiodon lynxe

Oak Forest Skink

Eichenskink

Egeskovsskink

1834 Euprepes lynxe Wiegmann
Eumeces lynxe Peters 1864
Pariocela lynxe Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon lynxe Smith 2005 [by implication]
1845 Plestiodon bellii Gray (Smith & Taylor 1950)
Eumeces lynxe belli Parker 1960
1885 Eumeces furcirostris Cope (Smith & Taylor 1950)
Eumeces lynxe furcirostris Smith & Taylor 1950
1958 Eumeces lynxe durangoensis Tanner (Legler & Webb 1960)

Other common names:
belli: Bell's Oak Forest Skink
lynxe: Eastern Oak Forest Skink
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas).


Plestiodon marginatus

Ryukyu Five-lined Skink

Ryukyu-Blauschwanzskink

Ryukyu-blåhaleskink

1860 Plestiodon marginatus Hallowell
Eumeces marginatus Boulenger 1887
Pariocela marginatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1912 Eumeces oshimensis Thompson (Motokawa, Toyama & Hikida 2001)
Eumeces marginatus oshimensis Nakamura & Uéno 1963
1912 Eumeces marginatus amamiensis Van Denburgh (Taylor 1935)
1912 Eumeces marginatus kikaigensis Van Denburgh (Taylor 1935)

Remarks: Includes the subspecies oshimensis, previously regarded as separate species.
Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands [incl. Okinawa Islands, Satsunan Islands (incl. Tokara Islands)]).


Plestiodon multilineatus

Chihuahua Skink

Chihuahuaskink

Chihuahuaskink

1957 Eumeces multilineatus Tanner
Pariocela multilineatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon multilineatus Smith 2005 [by implication]
1959 Eumeces multivirgatus mexicanus Anderson & Wilhoft (Legler & Webb 1960)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua).


Plestiodon multivirgatus

North American Many-lined Skink

Vielstreifiger Blauschwanzskink

Mangestribet Blåhaleskink

1857 Plestiodon multivirgatum Hallowell
Eumeces multivirgatus Cope 1875
Pariocela multivirgatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1858 Plestiodon inornatus Baird (Mecham 1980)
1858 Plestiodon leptogrammus Baird (Mecham 1980)
1880 Eumeces epipleurotis Cope (Mecham 1980)
Plestiodon multivirgatus epipleurotis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1935 Eumeces gaigei Taylor (Mecham 1957, 1980; Axtell & Smith 2004)
Eumeces gaigeae Maslin 1959 [emendation of incorrect original spelling]
Eumeces multivirgatus gaigei Lowe 1955
1942 Eumeces taylori Smith (Mecham 1957, 1980)
Eumeces multivirgatus taylori Lowe 1955

Other common names:
gaigeae: Variable Skink
multivirgatus: Northern Many-lined Skink
Remarks: Hammerson (1999) suggested that epipleurotis (under the name gaigeae) is a different species than multivirgatus. Crother, Boundy & al. (2003) retained the traditional taxonomy, pending further studies.
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua), USA (Arizona, Colorado, Nebraska, New Mexico, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming).


Plestiodon nietoi

La Llave Blue-tailed Skink

La-Llave-Blauschwanzskink

La Llave-blåhaleskink

2012 Plestiodon nietoi Feria-Ortiz & García-Vázquez

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero).


Plestiodon obsoletus

Great Plains Skink

Nordamerikanischer Ebeneskink

Nordamerikansk Sletteskink

1852 Plestiodon obsoletum Baird & Girard
Eumeces obsoletus Cope 1875
Pariocela obsoletus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1852 Lamprosaurus guttulatus Hallowell (Taylor 1935)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas), USA (Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas).


Plestiodon ochoterenae

West Guerreran Blue-tailed Skink, (Guerreran Skink)

Westlicher Guerrero-Blauschwanzskink

Vestlig Guerrero-blåhaleskink

1933 Eumeces ochoterenae Taylor
Eumeces ochoterenai Smith & Taylor 1950 [emendation]
Pariocela ochoterenae Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon ochoterenae Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca).


Plestiodon parviauriculatus

Northern Pygmy Skink

Nordmexicanischer Zwerg-Blauschwanzskink

Nordmexicansk Dværg-blåhaleskink

1933 Eumeces parviauriculatus Taylor
Pariocela parviauriculatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon parviauriculatus Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora).


Plestiodon parvulus

Southern Pygmy Skink

Südmexicanischer Zwerg-Blauschwanzskink

Sydmexicansk Dværg-blåhaleskink

1933 Eumeces parvulus Taylor
Pariocela parvulus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon parvulus Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Sinaloa).


Plestiodon popei

Fujian Blue-tailed Skink

Fujian-Blauschwanzskink

Fujian-blåhaleskink

1989 Eumeces popei Hikida
Pariocela popei Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon popei Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: China (Fujian).


Plestiodon quadrilineatus

Four-striped Long Skink, Four-striped Skink, Four-lined Blue-tailed Skink, Four-lined Asian Skink, Hong Kong Skink, (Four-striped Skink, Blue-tailed Skink)

Südostasiatischer Vierstreifiger Blauschwanzskink

Sydøstasiatisk Firstribet Blåhaleskink

1853 Plestiodon quadrilineatum Blyth
Mabouia quadrilineata Günther 1864
Eumeces quadrilineatus Bocourt 1870
Pariocela quadrilineatus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1861 Eumeces quadrivirgatus Hallowell (Zhao & Adler 1993)

Distribution: Cambodia, China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong [incl. Shek Kwu Chau Island], Macau), Laos, Thailand, Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island).


Plestiodon reynoldsi

Florida Sand Skink

Florida-Sandskink

Florida-sandskink

1910 Neoseps reynoldsi Stejneger
Pariocela reynoldsi Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004
Plestiodon reynoldsi Smith 2005 [by implication]

Remarks: Already Richmond & Reeder (2002) suggested that reynoldsi is nested within Plestiodon (then Eumeces), but no taxonomic changes were proposed by these authors.
Distribution: USA (Florida).


Plestiodon septentrionalis

Prairie Skink

Prärieskink

Prærieskink

1858 Plestiodon septentrionalis Baird
Eumeces septentrionalis Cope 1875
Pariocela septentrionalis Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1879 Eumeces obtusirostris Bocourt (Schmidt 1953)
Eumeces septentrionalis obtusirostris Taylor 1935
Plestiodon septentrionalis obtusirostris Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
Plestiodon obtusirostris Ballinger, Lynch & Smith 2010
1880 Eumeces pachyurus Cope (Schmidt 1953)
1949 Eumeces septentrionalis pallidus Smith & Slater
Plestiodon septentrionalis pallidus Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
Plestiodon obtusirostris pallidus Ballinger, Lynch & Smith 2010

Other common names:
obtusirostris: Southern Prairie Skink
pallidus: Pallid Skink
septentrionalis: Northern Prairie Skink
Remarks: Collins (1991) suggested recognition of obtusirostris as a separate species. This has been followed by some authors (e.g., Toal & Reiserer 1992; Daniel & Edmond 2006), and Fuerst & Austin's (2004) results supported Collins' suggestion, although they stated that further studies are needed to resolve the matter.
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba), USA (Arkansas, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin).


Plestiodon skiltonianus

Western Skink

Westamerikanischer Blauschwanzskink

Vestamerikansk Blåhaleskink

1852 Plestiodon skiltonianum Baird & Girard
Eumeces skiltonianus Cope 1875
Pariocela skiltonianus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1859 Eumeces quadrilineatus Hallowell (Tanner 1988)
1879 Eumeces hallowellii Bocourt (Tanner 1988)
1900 Eumeces skiltonianus amblygrammus Cope (Tanner 1988)
1958 Eumeces skiltonianus interparietalis Tanner
Plestiodon skiltonianus interparietalis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1958 Eumeces skiltonianus utahensis Tanner
Plestiodon skiltonianus utahensis Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008

Other common names:
interparietalis: Coronado Island Skink
skiltonianus: Skilton's Skink, (Great Basin Skink)
utahensis: Great Basin Skink, (Western Skink)
Remarks: Some authors regard lagunensis as a subspecies of skiltonianus (e.g., Tanner 1988).
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia), Mexico (Baja California Norte [incl. Islas Coronados (incl. Isla Coronado Sur)]), USA (Arizona, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming).


Plestiodon stimpsonii

Yaeyama Seven-lined Skink

Siebenstreifiger Blauschwanzskink

Syvstribet Blåhaleskink

1912 Eumeces stimpsonii Thompson
Eumeces marginatus stimpsonii Welch, Cooke & Wright 1990
Pariocela stimpsoni Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon stimpsoni Smith 2005 [by implication]
1912 Eumeces ishigakiensis Van Denburgh (Taylor 1935)

Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Sakishima Islands: Yaeyama Islands).


Plestiodon sumichrasti

Veracruz Blue-tailed Skink, (Sumichrast's Skink)

Veracruz-Blauschwanzskink

Veracruz-blåhaleskink

1867 Plistodon sumichrasti Cope
Eumeces sumichrasti Bocourt 1879
Pariocela sumichrasti Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon sumichrasti Smith 2005 [by implication]
1895 Eumeces rovirosae Dugès (Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970)
1932 Eumeces schmidti Dunn (Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970)

Distribution: Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan).


Plestiodon takarai

Senkaku Skink

Senkakuskink

Senkaku-skink

2017 Plestiodon takarai Kurita, Ota & Hikida

Remarks: Previously regarded as a population of elegans (e.g., Goris & Maeda 2005).
Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Sakishima Islands: Senkaku Islands).


Plestiodon tamdaoensis

Tamdao Blue-tailed Skink, (Vietnamese Skink)

Tamdao-Blauschwanzskink

Tamdao-blåhaleskink

1937 Eumeces tamdaoensis Bourret
Pariocela tamdaoensis Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon tamdaoensis Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: China (Hong Kong), Vietnam.


Plestiodon tetragrammus

North American Four-lined Skink

Nordamerikanischer Vierstreifiger Blauschwanzskink

Nordamerikansk Firstribet Blåhaleskink

1858 Plestiodon tetragrammus Baird
Eumeces tetragrammus Cope 1875
Pariocela tetragrammus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
1880 Eumeces brevilineatus Cope (Lieb 1990)
Eumeces tetragrammus brevilineatus Lieb 1985
Plestiodon tetragrammus brevilineatus Queiroz & Reeder in Crother (ed.) 2008
1883 Eumeces bocourtii Boulenger [not Brocchi 1876] (Lieb 1990)
1887 Eumeces humilis Boulenger (Lieb 1990)
1900 Eumeces tetragrammus funebrosus Cope (Lieb 1990)

Other common names:
brevilineatus: Short-lined Skink
tetragrammus: Long-lined Skink
Remarks: Previously included callicephalus. Also brevilineatus is considered a distinct species by some authors (e.g., Tanner 1987). Jones & Lovich (eds.) (2009) erroneously listed tetragrammus from Baja California Sur.
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz), USA (Texas).


Plestiodon tunganus

Sichuan Blue-tailed Skink

Sichuan-Blauschwanzskink

Sichuan-blåhaleskink

1924 Eumeces tunganus Stejneger
Pariocela tunganus Schmitz, Mausfeld & Embert 2004 [by implication]
Plestiodon tunganus Smith 2005 [by implication]

Distribution: China (Sichuan).