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Central America

Reptiles
Crocodilians
Alligatoridae
Crocodylidae
Lizards
Anguidae
Corytophanidae
Dactyloidae
Eublepharidae
Gymnophthalmidae
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Snakes
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[terrestrial spp.]

Elapidae
[marine species]

Leptotyphlopidae
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Dermochelyidae
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Bibliography of the reptiles of
Nicaragua

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Altrichter, M.; Jimenez, I. 1999. Hunting and consumption of wild animals in San Juan del Norte, Reserva Biologica Indio-Maiz, Nicaragua. Mesoamericana 4(4): 117-125.

Barquero, M.D.; Salazar-Saavedra, M.; Sandoval, L.; Brenes, D.; Martínez, F.; Figueroa, A. 2010. Composition and species richness of herpetofauna in two isolated regions of southern Nicaragua. Herpetology Notes 3: 341-352.

Brattstrom, B.H.; Howell, T.R. 1954. Notes on some collections of reptiles and amphibians from Nicaragua. Herpetologica 10: 114-123.

Campbell, H.W.; Howell, T.R. 1965. Herpetological records from Nicaragua. Herpetologica 21: 130-140.

Cope, E.D. 1869. Catalogue of Batrachia and Reptilia obtained by J. A. McNiel in Nicaragua. First Annual report of the Trustees of the Peabody Academy of Science 1869: 82-85.

Cope, E.D. 1876. On the Batrachia and Reptilia of Costa Rica with notes on the herpetology and ichthyology of Nicaragua and Peru. Journal of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia 2(8): 93-154.

Cope, E.D. 1965. Catalogue of batrachia and reptilia obtained by J.A. McNeil in Nicaragua. Catalogue of reptilia and batrachia obtained by C.J. Maynard in Florida. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. 2-3 1869-1870: 80-85. In Ohio Herpet. Soc. Facsimile reprint series.

Fidenci, P. 2002. Bemerkungen zum Status der Meeresschildkröten an der Pazifikküste Nikaraguas während der Brutsaison 1997. Radiata 11(2): 14-18.

Fitch, H.S.; Seigel, R.A. 1984. Ecological and taxonomic notes on Nicaraguan anoles. Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology 57: 1-13.

Gaige, H.T.; Hartweg, N.; Stuart, L.C. 1937. Notes on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from eastern Nicaragua. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan 357: 1-18.

HerpetoNica. 2015. Guía Ilustrada de Anfibios y Reptiles de Nicaragua. Marena, Managua, Nicaragua. 524 pp.

Jansen, M.; Köhler, G. 2003. Biogeografische Analyse der Herpetofauna von ausgewählten Hochlandgebieten Nicaraguas. Salamandra 38(4) [2002]: 269-286.

King, D.I.; Hernandez-Mayorga, M.D.; Trubey, R.; Raudales, R.; Rappole, J.H. 2007. An evaluation of the contribution of cultivated allspice (Pimenta dioca) to vertebrate biodiversity conservation in Nicaragua. Biodiversity and Conservation 16(4): 1299-1320.

Köhler, G. 1998. Herpetologische Beobachtungen in Nicaragua. Natur und Museum (Frankfurt am Main) 128(6): 163-170.

Köhler, G. 1999. Amphibien und Reptilien im Hochland von Nicaragua. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 52(4): 48-54.

Köhler, G. 1999. The amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. A distributional checklist with keys. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 213: 1-121.

Köhler, G. 2000. Erste herpetologische Expedition zum Cerro Saslaya, Nicaragua. Natur und Museum (Frankfurt am Main) 130(3): 61-69.

Köhler, G.; Quintana, A.Z.; Buitrago, F.; Diethert, H. 2004. New and noteworthy records of amphibians and reptiles from Nicaragua. Salamandra 40(1): 13-24.

Köhler, G.; Schmidt, F. 2000. Zweite herpetologische Expedition zum Cerro Saslaya, Nicaragua. Natur und Museum (Frankfurt am Main) 130(3): 69-74.

Köhler, G.; Seipp, R. 1998. Eine Expedition in den Randbereich des Biospharenreservats Bosawas, Nicaragua. Natur und Museum (Frankfurt am Main) 128(6): 170-175.

Lagueux, C.J.; Campbell, C.L. 2005. Marine Turtle nesting and conservation needs on the south-east coast of Nicaragua. Oryx 39(4): 398-405.

Merchan, M.; Coll, M.; Gil, J.R. 2002. Confirman la presencia de tortugas carboneras silvestres en Nicaragua. Quercus 193: 44-45.

Mortimer, J.A. 1981. The feeding ecology of the west Caribbean Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) in Nicaragua. Biotropica 13(1): 49-58.

Ruiz Perez, G.A. 1996. Claves preliminares para reconocer a los reptiles de Nicaragua. Centro de Derecho Ambiental y Promocion para el Desarrollo, place of publication not given. 88 pp.

Ruiz-Perez, G.A.; Buitrago-V., F. 2003. Guia ilustrada de la Herpetofauna de Nicaragua. ARAUCARIA-MARENA-AECI, Managua. 331 pp.

Savage, J.M. 1973. Herpetological collections made by Dr. John F. Bransford, assistant surgeon, U.S.N. during the Nicaragua and Panama canal surveys (1872-1885). Journal of Herpetology 7(1): 35-38.

Sunyer, J. 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1(2): 186-202.

Sunyer, J.; Fonseca, J.G.M.; Maynor, A.F.; Olivas Milton, F.U.; Obando, L.A. 2014. Noteworthy snake records from Nicaragua (Reptilia: Serpentes). Check List 10(5): 1134-1147.

Sunyer, J.; Köhler, G. 2007. New country and departmental records of herpetofauna in Nicaragua. Salamandra 43(1): 57-62.

Sunyer, J.; Köhler, G. 2010. Conservation status of the herpetofauna of Nicaragua. pp. 489-509. In: Wilson, L.D.; Townsend, J.H.; Johnson, J.D. (eds.). Conservation of Mesoamerican amphibians and reptiles. Eagle Mountain Publishing, LC, Eagle Mountain, Utah. 812 pp.

Sunyer, J.; Martínez-Fonseca, J.G.; Salazar-Saavedra, M. 2016. Distribution notes: New departmental records for lizards in Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3(4): 1049-1054.

Travers, S.L.; Townsend, J.H.; Sunyer, J.; Obando, L.A.; Wilson, L.D.; Nickerson, M.A. 2011. New and noteworthy records of amphibians and reptiles from Reserva de la Biosfera Bosawas, Nicaragua. Herpetological Review 42(3): 399-403.

Vences, M.; Franzen, M.; Fläschendräger, A.; Schmitt, R.; Regos, J. 1998. Beobachtungen zur Herpetofauna von Nicaragua: kommentierte Artenliste der Reptilien. Salamandra 34(1): 17-42.

Villa, J. 1984. The venomous snakes of Nicaragua: a synopsis. Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology 59: 1-41.

Villa, J.D. 1963. Les serpientes venonosas de Nicaragua. Managua 1962: 1-94.

Villa, J.D. 1971. Lista tentativa de vertebrados inferiores de Nicaragua. Department de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Recinto Universitario 'Rubén Dario', Managua, D.N. 36 pp.

Villa, J.D. 1971. Notes on some Nicaraguan reptiles. Journal of Herpetology 5: 45-48.

Vitt, L.J.; Sartorius, S.S.; Avila-Pires, T.C.S.; Zani, P.A.; Esposito, M.C. 2005. Small in a big world: ecology of leaf-litter geckos in New World tropical forests. Herpetological Monographs 19: 137-152.

Vitt, L.J.; Zani, P.A. 1998. Prey use among sympatric lizard species in lowland rain forest of Nicaragua. Journal of Tropical Ecology 14(4): 537-559.