Reptiles of
Piaui [Brazil]

Related checklists:  Brazil

Bibliography of the reptiles of Piaui Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Piaui Introduced species
Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates
Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards)
Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)
 
Amphisbaena alba

Common Red Worm Lizard

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mott & Vieites 2009 Mott 2006 Ribeiro, Sa, Santos-Jr., Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade & Vaz-Silva 2019 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Amphisbaena frontalis

Alagoado Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Amphisbaena miringoera

Rio Tapirapes Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016 [as "aff. meringoera" [sic]]
 
Amphisbaena vermicularis

Vermiculate Worm Lizard

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans & Amdur 1966 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Ribeiro, Gomides & Costa 2020 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Leposternon (South American Worm Lizards)
 
Leposternon polystegum

East Brazilian Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016

Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans)
Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)
 
Caiman crocodilus

Common Caiman

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Olmos & Barbosa-Souza 1991 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Paleosuchus (Dwarf Caimans)
 
Paleosuchus palpebrosus

Cayenne Dwarf Caiman

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Anolidae (Anoles)
Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)
 
Norops brasiliensis

Brazilian Golden-scaled Anole

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Norops meridionalis

Paraguayan Anole

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos)
Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)
 
Hemidactylus agrius

Piaui Half-toed Gecko

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vanzolini 1978 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980
 
Hemidactylus brasilianus

Brazilian Half-toed Gecko

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lajmi, Bansal, Giri & Karanth 2019 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Lygodactylus (African-Neotropical Dwarf Geckos)
 
Lygodactylus klugei

Pernambuco Dwarf Gecko

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lanna, Gehara, Werneck, Fonseca, Colli, Sites, Rodrigues & Garda 2020 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Acratosaura (Bahia Spectacled Tejus)
 
Acratosaura mentalis

Villa Nova Spectacled Teju

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Anotosaura (Dwarf Spectacled Tejus)
 
Anotosaura vanzolinia

Agrestina Dwarf Spectacled Teju

Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Calyptommatus (Northeast Brazilian Earless Sand Sliders)
  *
Calyptommatus confusionibus

Confusoes Sand Slider

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues, Zaher & Curcio 2001 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus

Santo Inacio Sand Slider

Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Colobosaura (Short-thumbed Spectacled Tejus)
 
Colobosaura modesta

Morro da Garcza Spectacled Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Colobosauroides (Lesser Spectacled Tejus)
 
Colobosauroides carvalhoi

Bahia Lesser Spectacled Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Recoder, Magalhaes-Junior, Rodrigues, Arruda Pinto, Rodrigues & Camacho 2018 Rodrigues, Pellegrino, Dixo, Verdade, Pavan, Argolo & Sites 2007 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Colobosauroides cearensis

Baturite Lesser Spectacled Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva, Rodrigues, Barreto & Rocha 2007 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Micrablepharus (Snake-eyed Glossy Tejus)
 
Micrablepharus maximiliani

Blue-tailed Snake-eyed Glossy Teju

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Moura, Dayrell & Avelar Sao Pedro 2010 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Nothobachia (Piaui Sand Slider)
 
Nothobachia ablephara

Piaui Sand Slider

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues 1984 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Procellosaurinus (Smooth-scaled Sand Sliders)
 
Procellosaurinus erythrocercus

Red-tailed Sand Slider

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freitas & Verissimo 2012 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Delfim, Oliveira-Mesquita, Fernandes-Ferreira & Queiroga Cavalcanti 2011 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Vanzosaura (Red-tailed Spectacled Tejus)
 
Vanzosaura multiscutata

Northern Red-tailed Spectacled Teju

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Recoder, Ribeiro & Rodrigues 2013 [as rubricauda] Recoder, Werneck, Teixeira, Colli, Sites & Rodrigues 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 Family Hoplocercidae (Club-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Hoplocercus (Eastern Club-tailed Iguana)
 
Hoplocercus spinosus

Eastern Club-tailed Iguana

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas)
Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)
 
Iguana iguana

South American Green Iguana

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Leiosauridae (Smooth Iguanas)
Genus Enyalius (Fat-headed Anoles)
 
Enyalius bibronii

Bahia Fat-headed Anole

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gogliath, Ribeiro & Freire 2010 Oliveira Silva & Moura 2013 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rodrigues, Bertolotto, Amaro, Yonenaga-Yassuda, Freire & Pellegrino 2014 Rodrigues, Freitas, Silva & Bertolotto 2006 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Gymnodactylus (Naked-toed Geckos)
 
Gymnodactylus amarali

Maranhao Naked-toed Gecko

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 2004
 
Gymnodactylus geckoides

Northeast Brazilian Naked-toed Gecko

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Phyllopezus (South American Robust Geckos)
 
Phyllopezus pollicaris

Common Robust Gecko

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Condez, Tonini, Pereira-Ribeiro & Dubeux 2021 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gamble, Colli, Rodrigues, Werneck & Simons 2012 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards)
Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)
 
Polychrus acutirostris

Sharp-nosed Monkey Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Brasiliscincus (Brazilian Small-headed Skinks)
 
Brasiliscincus heathi

Caatinga Small-headed Skink

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Copeoglossum (Neotropical Spotted Skinks)
 
Copeoglossum arajara

Caatinga Bronze Skink

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Roberto, Pinto, Menezes, Brito & Ribeiro 2012 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Copeoglossum nigropunctatum

Black-spotted Skink

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Notomabuya (Southern Neotropical Skink)
 
Notomabuya frenata

Southern Neotropical Skink

Caldeira Costa, Dias Fernandes, Vrcibradic & Neves Feio 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.)
Genus Coleodactylus (Sheath-toed Pygmy Geckos)
 
Coleodactylus brachystoma

Cerrado Pygmy Gecko

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Geurgas, Rodrigues & Moritz 2008 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Coleodactylus meridionalis

Atlantic Forest Pygmy Gecko

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Maragno, Ribeiro & Ribeiro 2015 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos)
 
Gonatodes humeralis

Bridled Forest Gecko

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva, Rodrigues & Rocha 2007
 Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus)
Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)
 
Ameiva ameiva

South American Giant Ameiva

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Ameivula (Eastern South American Whiptails)
  *
Ameivula confusioniba

Confusoes Mountains Whiptail

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Arias, Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Arias, Recoder, Alvarez, Etchepare, Quipildor, Lobo & Rodrigues 2018 Arias, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Morato de Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Ameivula ocellifera

Brazilian Ocellated Whiptail

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Aparicio, Avila-Pires, Moravec & Nogueira 2019 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Ameivula pyrrhogularis

Flame-throated Whiptail

Arias, Recoder, Alvarez, Etchepare, Quipildor, Lobo & Rodrigues 2018 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva & Avila-Pires 2013 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Ameivula xacriaba

Planalto dos Gerais Whiptail

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Glaucomastix (Blue-tailed Whiptails)
  *
Glaucomastix venetacauda

Piaui Blue-tailed Whiptail

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Arias, Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Arias, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Morato de Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Kentropyx (Spurred Whiptails)
 
Kentropyx calcarata

Striped Forest Whiptail

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Salvator (Southern Tejus)
 
Salvator merianae

Southern Black-and-White Teju

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Tupinambis (Northern Tejus)
 
Tupinambis quadrilineatus

Four-striped Teju

Abrahao-Morato, Meer, Bornschein, Vieira Capela, Almeida Ulandowski & Zampier 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Silva, Ribeiro-Junior & Avila-Pires 2018 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Tupinambis teguixin

Amazonian Black-and-White Teju

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Benicio & Fonseca 2014 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Lima-Araujo, Melo & Borges-Nojosa 2013 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 Family Tropiduridae (Rough-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Stenocercus (Whorl-tailed Iguanas)
 
Stenocercus squarrosus

Confucoes Mountains Whorl-tailed Iguana

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Magalhaes Junior, Andrade, Moura, Ribeiro & Azevedo Junior 2016 Nogueira & Rodrigues 2006 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Torres-Carvajal 2007 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Tropidurus (Eastern Keel-tailed Iguanas)
 
Tropidurus helenae

Piaui Keel-tailed Iguana

Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Manzani & Abe 1990 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Tropidurus hispidus

Spotted Keel-tailed Iguana

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues 1987 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
  *
Tropidurus jaguaribanus

Jaguaribe Valley Keel-tailed Iguana

Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Tropidurus oreadicus

Cerrado Keel-tailed Iguana

Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Tropidurus semitaeniatus

Striped Keel-tailed Iguana

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Manzani & Abe 1990 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)
 
Boa constrictor

South American Red-tailed Boa

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)
 
Corallus hortulana

Amazon Tree Boa

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Silva & Henderson 2013 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)
 
Epicrates assisi

Caatinga Rainbow Boa

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Stimson 1969 [as E. cenchria xerophilus] Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Epicrates crassus

Paraguayan Rainbow Boa

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)
 
Eunectes murinus

Green Anaconda

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva-Leite, Roberto, Loebmann, Nascimento & Silva 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Adelphostigma (Twin-spotted Leaf-litter Snakes)
 
Adelphostigma occipitalis

Bahia Leaf-litter Snake

Aquino, Maia, Juca & Passos 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Apostolepis (Black-tailed Blackheads)
 
Apostolepis cearensis

Caatinga Blackhead

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Koch, Guedes & Tiutenko 2020 Ferrarezzi, Barbo & Albuquerque 2005 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Lema 2002 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Zamprogno, Zamprogno & Lema 1998
 
Apostolepis longicaudata

Piaui Blackhead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Curcio, Nunes, Harvey & Rodrigues 2011 Lema 2001 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
 
Apostolepis polylepis

Hawkbeak Blackhead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lema 2001 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Boiruna (Southern Snake Eaters)
 
Boiruna sertaneja

Sertao Snake Eater

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Zaher 1996
Genus Chironius (Sipos)
 
Chironius carinatus

Yellow-lipped Sipo

Araujo, Franca, Nascimento, Orsi Laranjeiras & Rodrigues Franca 2019 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014
 
Chironius exoletus

Green Sipo

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Chironius flavolineatus

Yellow-striped Sipo

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Chlorosoma (Green Bush Racers)
 
Chlorosoma viridissimum

Emerald Bush Racer

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Dipsas mikanii

Brazilian White-collared Snail Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)
 
Drymarchon corais

Yellow-tailed Cribo

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Drymoluber (Glossy Racers)
 
Drymoluber brazili

Southern Glossy Racer

Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freitas, Franca & Verissimo 2012 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)
 
Dryophylax almae

Jararaca Mock Viper

Barbosa, Lima & Guedes 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Dryophylax hypoconia

Southern Mock Viper

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014
 
Dryophylax phoenix

Petrolina Mock Viper

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Trevine, Montingelli & Zaher 2017 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021
Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)
 
Erythrolamprus macrosomus

Southern Royal Smooth Snake

Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Erythrolamprus miliaris

Military Smooth Snake

Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Erythrolamprus mossoroensis

Mossoro Smooth Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981
 
Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus

Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Erythrolamprus reginae

Northern Royal Smooth Snake

Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Erythrolamprus taeniogaster

Banded Smooth Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Erythrolamprus viridis

Brazilian Green Smooth Snake

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1987 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)
 
Helicops angulatus

Brown-banded Keelback

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Roberto, Ribeiro, Sousa-Delfino & Oliveira-Almeida 2009 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Helicops leopardinus

Leopard Keelback

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021
Genus Hydrodynastes (False Water Cobras)
 
Hydrodynastes gigas

Giant False Water Cobra

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva-Leite, Loebmann & Costa Silva 2009
Genus Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes)
 
Hydrops triangularis

Red-sided Mud Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)
 
Imantodes cenchoa

Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)
 
Leptodeira annulata

South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011
Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)
 
Leptophis ahaetulla

Common Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Oliver 1948 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Leptophis dibernardoi

Caatinga Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022
Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)
 
Lygophis dilepis

Northern Striped Ground Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Lema 1989
 
Lygophis paucidens

Cerrado Striped Ground Snake

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Campos Nogueira 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Lema 1989 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Serrano, Vieira-Alencar, Diaz-Ricaurte & Nogueira 2020 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)
 
Mastigodryas boddaerti

Brown Lizard Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)
 
Oxybelis aeneus

Brown Vine Snake

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Oxybelis fulgidus

Green Vine Snake

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)
 
Oxyrhopus rhombifer

Rhombic Calico Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Oxyrhopus trigeminus

Northern Brazilian Calico Snake

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Palusophis (Eastern Lizard Eater)
 
Palusophis bifossatus

Eastern Lizard Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)
 
Philodryas nattereri

Paraguay Bush Racer

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Smith, Scott, Cacciali, Atkinson & Pheasey 2013 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Philodryas olfersii

Common Green Bush Racer

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Thomas 1976 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes)
 
Phimophis guerini

Argentine Shovel-nosed Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Filho, Santana, Vieira, Alves, Montenegro & Freitas 2012 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)
 
Pseudoboa neuwiedii

Northern Scarlet Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Pseudoboa nigra

Blackish Scarlet Snake

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Orofino, Pizzatto & Marques 2010 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Psomophis (Smooth Ground Snakes)
 
Psomophis joberti

Brazilian Ground Snake

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Rodriguesophis (Collared Sharp-nosed Snakes)
 
Rodriguesophis iglesiasi

Piaui Sharp-nosed Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Lima Silveira 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)
 
Spilotes pullatus

Chicken Snake

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)
 
Tantilla melanocephala

South American Black-headed Centipede Snake

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)
 
Xenodon merremii

Toad-eating Mock Lancehead

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Xenodon nattereri

Banded Hognose Snake

Argolo 2002 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lima Silveira, Ribeiro Costa & Salles 2004 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Xenopholis (South American Flat-headed Snakes)
 
Xenopholis undulatus

Southern Flat-headed Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)
 
Micrurus ibiboboca

Caatinga Coral Snake

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Pires, Silva, Feitosa, Prudente, Filho & Zaher 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Roze 1996 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)
 
Epictia borapeliotes

Caatinga Thread Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Melo Araujo, Rodrigues, Nunes & Andrade 2020
Genus Trilepida (Three-scaled Thread Snakes)
 
Trilepida brasiliensis

Bahia Thread Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Curcio, Zaher & Rodrigues 2002 Lima Silveira 2010 Pinto & Curcio 2011 Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Trilepida fuliginosa

Preto River Thread Snake

Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016 [as "cf. fuliginosa"]
 Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes)
Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)
 
Amerotyphlops brongersmianus

Bahia Blind Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Loebmann 2008 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)
 
Bothrops erythromelas

Caatinga Lancehead

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
 
Bothrops lutzi

Cerrado Lancehead

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 [as iglesiasi] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 [as B. iglesiasi] Loebmann 2009 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Bothrops moojeni

Brazilian Lancehead

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)
 
Crotalus durissus

South American Rattlesnake

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Chelidae (Austro-American Side-necked Turtles)
Genus Mesoclemmys (Hump-backed Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Mesoclemmys perplexa

Piaui Toad-headed Turtle

Bour & Zaher 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fritz & Havas 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Mesoclemmys tuberculata

Tuberculate Toad-headed Turtle

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Batistella, Poetter, Barreto & Vogt 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Loebmann, Giacometti Mai & Garcia 2006 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Santana, Marques, Vieira, Moura, Faria & Mesquita 2016 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Phrynops (Lesser Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Phrynops geoffroanus

Brazilian Toad-headed Turtle

Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta

Loggerhead Sea Turtle

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas

Green Sea Turtle

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)
 
Eretmochelys imbricata

Hawksbill Sea Turtle

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Santana, Silva-Leite, Silva & Machado 2009
Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)
 
Lepidochelys olivacea

Olive Ridley Sea Turtle

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Santana, Silva-Leite, Silva & Machado 2009
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea

Leatherback Sea Turtle

Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Loebmann, Legat, Legat, De Camargo, Erthal, Machado & De Goes 2008 Padua-Almeida, Thome, Baptistotte, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011
 Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles)
Genus Trachemys (Slider Turtles)
 
Trachemys adiutrix

Maranhao Slider

Araujo, Costa, Santos, Sena, Silva & Barroso de Andrade 2021 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Batistella, Poetter & Vogt 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)
 
Rhinoclemmys punctularia

Eastern Spotted-legged Turtle

Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)
 
Kinosternon scorpioides

Scorpion Mud Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
Genus Chelonoidis (South American Tortoises)
 
Chelonoidis carbonarius

South American Red-footed Tortoise

Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021