Reptiles of Sao Paulo [Brazil] Related checklists:  Brazil - Ilha de Alcatrazes - Ilhabela Archipelago - Queimada Grande Bibliography of the reptiles of Sao Paulo Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Sao Paulo Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards) Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)   Amphisbaena alba Common Red Worm Lizard Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Barbo & Sawaya 2008 Barbo 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1962 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Mott 2006 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Amphisbaena anaemariae Serra da Mesa Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Teixeira, Vechio, Neto & Rodrigues 2014   Amphisbaena darwinii Uruguayan Ringed Worm Lizard Barbo & Sawaya 2008 Barbo 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ruiz-Garcia, Curi, Lamas & Cespedez 2016 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Amphisbaena dubia Piracicaba Worm Lizard Barbo & Sawaya 2008 Barbo 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Teixeira, Vechio, Neto & Rodrigues 2014 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Amphisbaena hogei Alcatrazes Island Worm Lizard Barbo & Sawaya 2008 Barbo 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Teixeira, Vechio, Neto & Rodrigues 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Amphisbaena mertensii Sao Paulo Worm Lizard Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Barbo & Sawaya 2008 Barbo 2008 Barcelos-Ribeiro, Santos & Vaz-Silva 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1966 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Lima Silveira, Campos Brites & Valinhas e Valinhas 2012 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Mott & Vieites 2009 Pena Correa & Meneses 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro, Sa, Santos-Jr., Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade & Vaz-Silva 2019 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   * Amphisbaena sanctaeritae Santa Rita Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 2005 Vanzolini 1994 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Cercolophia (Keel-tailed Worm Lizards)   Cercolophia roberti Ipiranga Worm Lizard Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Barbo & Sawaya 2008 Barbo 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Vanzolini 1992 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Leposternon (South American Worm Lizards)   Leposternon microcephalum Small-headed Worm Lizard Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo & Sawaya 2008 Barbo 2008 Barros-Filho, Freitas, Santos Silva, Castro Loguercio & Costa Valverde 2019 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1971 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Mott & Vieites 2009 Mott 2006 Ribeiro, Nogueira, Cintra, Silva & Zaher 2011 Ribeiro, Sa, Santos-Jr., Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade & Vaz-Silva 2019 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans) Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)   Caiman latirostris Broad-snouted Caiman Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Caiman yacare Paraguayan Caiman Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Paleosuchus (Dwarf Caimans)   Paleosuchus palpebrosus Cayenne Dwarf Caiman Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.) Genus Diploglossus (Neotropical Forest Lizards)   Diploglossus fasciatus Banded Forest Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Ophiodes (South American Glass Lizards)   Ophiodes fragilis Yacupoi Glass Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Pizzatto 2005 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 [as "cf. fragilis"] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Ophiodes striatus Dark-striped Glass Lizard Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Anolidae (Anoles) Genus Dactyloa (Fringe-toed Anoles)   Dactyloa punctata Blue-spotted Green Anole Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1972 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)   Norops brasiliensis Brazilian Golden-scaled Anole Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Oliveira Araujo 2011 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 [as chrysolepis]   Norops meridionalis Paraguayan Anole Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus) Genus Bachia (Earless Tejus)   Bachia bresslaui Sao Paulo Earless Teju Colli, Zatz & Cunha 1998 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues, Camacho, Nunes, Recoder, Teixeira, Valdujo, Ghellere, Mott & Nogueira 2008 Teixeira, Recoder, Camacho, Sena, Navas & Rodrigues 2013 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Cercosaura (Eastern Shade Tejus)   Cercosaura olivacea East Brazilian Shade Teju Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 [as ocellata] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dantas Sales, Silva Jorge, Meira-Ribeiro & Xavier Freire 2014 [as ocellata] Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sturaro, Rodrigues, Colli, Knowles & Avila-Pires 2018 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 [as ocellata]   Cercosaura quadrilineata Four-lined Shade Teju Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Cercosaura schreibersii South Brazilian Shade Teju Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Pellegrino, Rodrigues, Yonenaga-Yassuda & Sites 2001 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Torres-Carvajal, Lobos, Venegas, Chavez, Aguirre-Penafiel, Zurita & Echevarria 2016 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Colobodactylus (Southeast Brazilian Spectacled Tejus)   Colobodactylus dalcyanus Itatiaia Spectacled Teju Bernardo, Batista Junqueira & Alves Martins 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Manzani & Sazima 1997 Vanzolini 1986 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Colobodactylus taunayi Taunay Spectacled Teju Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Rodrigues, Pellegrino, Dixo, Verdade, Pavan, Argolo & Sites 2007 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Vanzolini & Ramos 1977 Vanzolini 1972 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Colobosaura (Short-thumbed Spectacled Tejus)   Colobosaura modesta Morro da Garcza Spectacled Teju Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freire, Jorge & Ribeiro 2012 Muniz, Vega, Chaves, Moura, Santos & Moura 2012 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Ecpleopus (Atlantic Forest Spectacled Teju)   Ecpleopus gaudichaudii Atlantic Forest Spectacled Teju Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Oliveira-Ramos & Lima Silveira 2011 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as Arthroseps werneri] Reis Dias & Rocha 2013 Rodrigues, Pellegrino, Dixo, Verdade, Pavan, Argolo & Sites 2007 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Heterodactylus (Strange-toed Spectacled Tejus)   Heterodactylus imbricatus Rio de Janeiro Spectacled Teju Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Pellegrino, Rodrigues, Yonenaga-Yassuda & Sites 2001 Rodrigues, Freitas & Silva 2009 Rodrigues, Pellegrino, Dixo, Verdade, Pavan, Argolo & Sites 2007 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Micrablepharus (Snake-eyed Glossy Tejus)   Micrablepharus atticolus Cerrado Snake-eyed Glossy Teju Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Rodrigues 1996 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Placosoma (Sharp-nosed Spectacled Tejus)   Placosoma champsonotus Jaragua Sharp-nosed Teju Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Vanzolini 1972 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Placosoma cordylinum Rio de Janeiro Sharp-nosed Teju Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Placosoma glabellum Santa Catarina Sharp-nosed Teju Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Serafim, Sena, Cruz-Centeno & Jim 2009 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Torres-Carvajal, Lobos, Venegas, Chavez, Aguirre-Penafiel, Zurita & Echevarria 2016 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Uzzell 1962 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Leiosauridae (Smooth Iguanas) Genus Anisolepis (South American Tree Iguanas)   Anisolepis grilli Palmeira Tree Iguana Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Etheridge & Williams 1991 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Anisolepis longicauda Long-tailed Tree Iguana Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues, Bertolotto, Amaro, Yonenaga-Yassuda, Freire & Pellegrino 2014 Genus Enyalius (Fat-headed Anoles)   Enyalius bilineatus Two-lined Fat-headed Anole Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021   Enyalius iheringii Southern Fat-headed Anole Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Etheridge 1969 Jackson 1978 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Rodrigues, Bertolotto, Amaro, Yonenaga-Yassuda, Freire & Pellegrino 2014 Rodrigues, Freitas, Silva & Bertolotto 2006 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Enyalius perditus Boraceia Fat-headed Anole Barbo 2008 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Jackson 1978 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Rodrigues, Bertolotto, Amaro, Yonenaga-Yassuda, Freire & Pellegrino 2014 Rodrigues, Freitas, Silva & Bertolotto 2006 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Vanzolini 1972 [as E. c. catenatus] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Urostrophus (Steppe Iguanas)   Urostrophus vautieri Brazilian Steppe Iguana Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entringer, Silva-Soares, Pirovani Silva & Srbek-Araujo 2022 Etheridge & Williams 1991 Gasparini, Koski & Peloso 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Santos, Silva Lucas, Sousa & Novelli 2009 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos) Genus Gymnodactylus (Naked-toed Geckos)   Gymnodactylus darwinii Atlantic Forest Naked-toed Gecko Cicchi, Serafim, Sena, Cruz-Centeno & Jim 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Pellegrino, Rodrigues, Waite, Morando, Yassuda & Sites 2005 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Vanzolini 1968 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 2004 Wermuth 1965 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards) Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)   Polychrus acutirostris Sharp-nosed Monkey Lizard Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Parker 1935 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Polychrus marmoratus Marbled Monkey Lizard Araujo-Neto, Tiburcio, Galdino, Goncalves & Silva 2012 Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1983 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Aspronema (South American White-striped Skinks)   Aspronema dorsivittatum South American White-striped Skink Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Barbo 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Harvey, Aguayo & Miralles 2008 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Brasiliscincus (Brazilian Small-headed Skinks)   * Brasiliscincus caissara Sao Paulo Small-headed Skink Cicchi, Serafim, Sena, Cruz-Centeno & Jim 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 Reboucas-Spieker 1974 Vanzolini & Reboucas-Spieker 1976 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Copeoglossum (Neotropical Spotted Skinks)   Copeoglossum nigropunctatum Black-spotted Skink Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Manciola (South American Small-handed Skink)   Manciola guaporicola South American Small-handed Skink Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Notomabuya (Southern Neotropical Skink)   Notomabuya frenata Southern Neotropical Skink Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Caldeira Costa, Dias Fernandes, Vrcibradic & Neves Feio 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Harvey, Aguayo & Miralles 2008 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Vrcibradic & Rocha 1996 Vrcibradic & Rocha 1998 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Psychosaura (Brazilian Sharp-nosed Skinks)   Psychosaura macrorhyncha Atlantic Forest Sharp-nosed Skink Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reboucas-Spieker 1974 Rodrigues 2000 Vanzolini & Reboucas-Spieker 1976 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus) Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)   Ameiva ameiva South American Giant Ameiva Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Vanzolini 1972 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Ameivula (Eastern South American Whiptails)   Ameivula ocellifera Brazilian Ocellated Whiptail Aparicio, Avila-Pires, Moravec & Nogueira 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Kentropyx (Spurred Whiptails)   Kentropyx paulensis Sao Paulo Whiptail Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gallagher & Dixon 1992 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Salvator (Southern Tejus)   Salvator merianae Southern Black-and-White Teju Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Barbo 2008 Boehme 2010 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Serafim, Sena, Cruz-Centeno & Jim 2009 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Manzani & Abe 1992 [as Tupinambis nigropunctatus] Manzani & Abe 2002 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Muller 1969 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Teius (Typical Tejus)   Teius oculatus Green Teju Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Tupinambis (Northern Tejus)   Tupinambis palustris Swamp Teju Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Manzani & Abe 2002 Silva, Ribeiro-Junior & Avila-Pires 2018 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Tropiduridae (Rough-tailed Iguanas) Genus Stenocercus (Whorl-tailed Iguanas)   Stenocercus azureus Uruguayan Whorl-tailed Iguana Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Torres-Carvajal 2007 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Tropidurus (Eastern Keel-tailed Iguanas)   Tropidurus catalanensis Uruguayan Keel-tailed Iguana Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Borges-Martins 2013   Tropidurus itambere Sorocaba Keel-tailed Iguana Araujo, Maffei, Correa, Moya, Nascimento & Santos 2014 Barbo 2008 Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Rodrigues 1987 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Tropidurus torquatus Collared Keel-tailed Iguana Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Borges-Martins 2013 Rodrigues 1987 Sena, Cassimiro, David, Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes) Genus Liotyphlops (Smooth Blind Snakes)   * Liotyphlops caissara Sao Sebastiao Blind Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Swaya & Germano 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   * Liotyphlops schubarti Sao Paulo Blind Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Swaya & Germano 2010 Dixon & Kofron 1984 Hahn 1980 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Liotyphlops ternetzii Paraguayan Blind Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 [as beui] Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 [as beui] Barbo 2008 [as beui] Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 [as beui] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 [as beui] Cruz-Centeno, Swaya & Germano 2010 [as beui] Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 [as beui] Dixon & Kofron 1984 [as beui] Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Hahn 1980 [as beui] Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 [as beui] McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sazima & Manzani 1995 [as beui] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 [as beui]  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)   Boa constrictor South American Red-tailed Boa Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Stimson 1969 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)   * Corallus cropanii Sao Paulo Tree Boa Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Henderson & Puorto 1993 Machado-Filho, Duarte, Carmo & Franco 2011 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Corallus hortulana Amazon Tree Boa Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Henderson 1993 [as enydris] Henderson 1997 Henderson 2002 Marques, Browne-Ribeiro, Santos Tinoco, Fazolato, Almeida Coelho & Amorin 2012 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Rocha, Bergallo & Strussmann 1991 [as enydris] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)   Epicrates crassus Paraguayan Rainbow Boa Andrade-Junior, Soares Franca, Sudre & Passos 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)   Eunectes murinus Green Anaconda Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dirksen 2000 Dirksen 2002 Filho, Ribeiro, Ribeiro, Fracasso, Pavani, Oliveira, Oliveira & Marques 2003 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Adelphostigma (Twin-spotted Leaf-litter Snakes)   Adelphostigma occipitalis Bahia Leaf-litter Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Balestrin & Di-Bernardo 2005 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Amnisiophis (East Brazilian Leaf-litter Snake)   Amnisiophis amoena East Brazilian Leaf-litter Snake Azevedo, Amorim, Menezes & Abegg 2018 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Muscat & Toledo Moroti 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Apostolepis (Black-tailed Blackheads)   Apostolepis assimilis Common Red Blackhead Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Koch, Guedes & Tiutenko 2020 Ferrarezzi, Barbo & Albuquerque 2005 Harvey 1999 Lema & Renner 2011 Lema & Renner 2012 Lema 2001 Lema 2002 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Apostolepis dimidiata Common Bilineate Blackhead Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Cabral, Lema & Renner 2017 [as A. barrioi] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Harvey 1999 Lema 1993 Lema 2001 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Apostolepis flavotorquata Yellow-collared Blackhead Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lema & Renner 2005 Lema 2002 Lima Silveira 2014 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)   Atractus francoi Mangaratiba Spindle Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Atractus pantostictus Sao Paulo Spindle Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fernandes & Puorto 1993 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Atractus reticulatus Reticulated Spindle Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fernandes 1995 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage 2009 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   * Atractus serranus Paranapiacaba Montains Spindle Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Atractus trihedrurus South Brazilian Spindle Snake Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Atractus zebrinus Zebra Spindle Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Boiruna (Southern Snake Eaters)   Boiruna maculata South American Spotted Snake Eater Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher 1996 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Cercophis (Atlantic Forest Liana Snake)   Cercophis auratus Atlantic Forest Liana Snake Bezerra, Ferreira-Guilhon, Lima-Ramos & Borges-Nojosa 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Hoogmoed, Fernandes, Kucharzewski, Moura-Leite, Bernils, Entiauspe-Neto & Santos 2019 Lema 1973 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Genus Chironius (Sipos)   Chironius bicarinatus Eastern Sipo Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Cicchi, Serafim, Sena, Cruz-Centeno & Jim 2009 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Entiauspe-Neto, Lyra, Koch, Quintela, Abegg & Loebmann 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Chironius brazili Southeast Brazilian Sipo Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Hamdan & Fernandes 2015   Chironius exoletus Green Sipo Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Sudre, Curcio, Nunes, Pellegrino & Rodrigues 2017 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Chironius flavolineatus Yellow-striped Sipo Albuquerque & Freitas 2011 Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Hamdan & Fernandes 2015 Hamdan, Scali & Fernandes 2014 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Pinto, Fernandes & Marques 2008 Pinto, Marques & Fernandes 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Chironius foveatus Bahia Sipo Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Chironius fuscus Brown Sipo Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Souza-Filho, Moura-Leite, Matias & Morato 2012 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Chironius laevicollis Smooth-necked Sipo Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Chironius quadricarinatus Paraguayan Sipo Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Pinto, Fernandes & Marques 2008 Pinto, Marques & Fernandes 2010 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Sudre, Curcio, Nunes, Pellegrino & Rodrigues 2017 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)   Clelia plumbea Plumbeous Snake Eater Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Jansen, Alvarez & Koehler 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Muller 1974 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher 1996 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Coronelaps (Black-crowned Lizard Eater)   Coronelaps lepidus Black-crowned Lizard Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Lema & Deiques 2010 Genus Caaeteboia (East Brazilian Ground Snakes)   Caaeteboia amarali Minas Gerais Ground Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Montingelli, Barbo, Pereira Filho, Santana, Franca, Grazziotin & Zaher 2020 Passos, Ramos & Pereira 2012 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Dibernardia (East South American Leaf-litter Snakes)   Dibernardia affinis Atlantic Forest Leaf-litter Snake Argolo 1998 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Di-Bernardo & Lema 1988 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Myers 1974 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 [as "cf. affinis"] Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Dibernardia bilineata Two-striped Leaf-litter Snake Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Di-Bernardo & Lema 1991 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Hiert 2006 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Myers 1974 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Dibernardia persimilis Rio de Janeiro Leaf-litter Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Di-Bernardo & Lema 1986 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Dipsas albifrons White-fronted Snail Eater Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Passos, Fernandes & Porto 2005 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Ribeiro Dias, Souza Costa, Sole & Argolo 2018 Silveira, Ribeiro, Dornas & Fernandes 2018 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Dipsas alternans Santos Snail Eater Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fernandes, Marques & Argolo 2010 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Peters 1960 [as D. incerta] Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Dipsas bucephala Bull Snail Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Peters 1960 Torello-Viera, Araujo & Braz 2012   Dipsas mikanii Brazilian White-collared Snail Eater Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Harvey 2008 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Scrocchi, Porto & Rey 1993 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Dipsas neuwiedi Brazilian Banded Snail Eater Andrade, Oliveira Lima, Oliveira Silva, Fonseca Fernandes & Reis Dias 2019 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Harvey 2008 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Dipsas petersi Sao Paulo Snail Eater Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Harvey 2008 Hoge & Romano 1976 Marquez & Sazima 2004   Dipsas sazimai Atlantic Forest Snail Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fernandes, Marques & Argolo 2010   Dipsas variegata Many-banded Snail Eater Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 [as D. neivai] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 [as D. neivai] Porto & Fernandes 1996 [as D. neivai] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 [as D. neivai]   Dipsas ventrimaculata Spot-bellied Snail Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as poecilolepis] Peters 1965 [as poecilolepis] Scrocchi, Porto & Rey 1993 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Ditaxodon (Striped Cerrado Snake)   Ditaxodon taeniatus Striped Cerrado Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Thomas, Bernils, Moura-Leite & Morato 2006 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)   Drymarchon corais Yellow-tailed Cribo Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Drymoluber (Glossy Racers)   Drymoluber brazili Southern Glossy Racer Amaral 1923 Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freitas, Franca & Verissimo 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)   Dryophylax hypoconia Southern Mock Viper Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Franco & Ferreira 2002 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Dryophylax nattereri # Mock Viper Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 [as "Thamnodynastes cf. nattereri"] Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 [as "Thamnodynastes cf. nattereri"] Marquez & Sazima 2004 [as "Thamnodynastes cf. nattereri"] Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Echinanthera (Neotropical Leaf-litter Snakes)   Echinanthera cephalostriata Head-striped Leaf-litter Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Echinanthera cyanopleura Blue-flanked Leaf-litter Snake Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 [as "cf. cyanopleura"] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Echinanthera melanostigma Black-marked Leaf-litter Snake Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Lima Silveira, Silverio Pires & Agostini-Cotta 2004 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Echinanthera undulata South Brazilian Leaf-litter Snake Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Gomes & Marques 2012 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Parker 1935 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Elapomorphus (Brazilian Lizard Eaters)   Elapomorphus quinquelineatus Five-lined Lizard Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Schlegel 1837 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)   Erythrolamprus aesculapii Southern Mock Coral Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus almadensis Almada Smooth Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1989 Dixon 1991 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus atraventer Brazilian Black-bellied Smooth Snake Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon & Thomas 1985 Dixon 1987 Dixon 1989 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021 Fernandes, Passos, Franco & Germano 2003 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus frenatus Paraguayan Smooth Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as brazili] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus jaegeri Southern Green Smooth Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon 1987 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus macrosomus Southern Royal Smooth Snake Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Valdujo & Nogueira 2001   Erythrolamprus miliaris Military Smooth Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon 1989 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus reginae Northern Royal Smooth Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Freiberg 1982 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Erythrolamprus typhlus Velvety Smooth Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Dixon 1987 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Gomesophis (Brazilian Burrowing Snake)   Gomesophis brasiliensis Brazilian Burrowing Snake Castellari-Gonzalez, Prudente & Franco 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fortes, Lucas & Caldart 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Menezes, Fiorillo, Franco & Feio 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Prudente & Brandao 1998 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)   Helicops carinicaudus Keel-tailed Keelback Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Helicops gomesi Sao Paulo Keelback Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Silveira, Prudente, Argolo, Abrahao, Nogueira, Strussmann, Loebmann, Barbo, Franco, Costa, Moura, Zaher, Borges-Martins, Martins, Oliveira, Hoogmoed, Marques, Passos, Bernils, Kawashita-Ribeiro, Sawaya & Costa 2019 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Helicops infrataeniatus Surinam Keelback Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Landgref-Filho & Aoki 2011 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Helicops modestus Brazilian Olive Keelback Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota 2005 Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais 2013 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Hydrodynastes (False Water Cobras)   Hydrodynastes bicinctus Two-banded False Water Cobra Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Fernandes & Bentim 2007 Silva & Franca e Souza 2002 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Hydrodynastes gigas Giant False Water Cobra Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Fernandes & Bentim 2007 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)   Imantodes cenchoa Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Bernils, Morato & Moura-Leite 2000 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)   Leptodeira annulata South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Duellman 1958 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)   Leptophis marginatus Paraguayan Parrot Snake Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 [as L. ahaetulla] Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)   Lygophis flavifrenatus Yellow-lined Ground Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Lygophis meridionalis Paraguayan Striped Ground Snake Castro & Oliveira 2017 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Padua Almeida, Gasparini & Germano 2006 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Mesotes (Southern Mock Vipers)   Mesotes rutilus Sao Paulo Mock Viper Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco & Ferreira 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Mesotes strigatus Striped Mock Viper Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco & Ferreira 2002 Franco & Ferreira 2003 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Mussurana (Brazilian Snake Eaters)   Mussurana montana Mountain Snake Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Marques & Puorto 1997 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Mussurana quimi South Brazilian Snake Eater Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Quintela & Loebmann 2017 Franco, Marques & Puorto 1997 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Silveira & Cotta 2006 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)   Oxyrhopus clathratus Southern Brazilian Calico Snake Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Bernardo, Machado, Murphy & Zaher 2012 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Oxyrhopus guibei Parana Calico Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher & Caramaschi 1992 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Oxyrhopus petolarius Banded Calico Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Oxyrhopus rhombifer Rhombic Calico Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Hamdan & Lira da Silva 2008 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Oxyrhopus trigeminus Northern Brazilian Calico Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Hoge & Romano 1978 Zaher & Caramaschi 1992 Genus Palusophis (Eastern Lizard Eater)   Palusophis bifossatus Eastern Lizard Eater Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Marques & Muriel 2007 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Paraphimophis (Rusty Snake Eater)   Paraphimophis rusticus Rusty Snake Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Marques & Puorto 1997 Lima Silveira 2014 Zaher 1996 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Phalotris (South American Collared Snakes)   Phalotris lativittatus Broad-striped Collared Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ferrarezzi 1993 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Lema 2002 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Silveira-Vasconcelos & Gomes dos Santos 2009 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Phalotris matogrossensis Mato Grosso Collared Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 [as tricolor] Lema, D'Agostini & Cappellari 2005 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Phalotris mertensi Sao Paulo Reticulated Collared Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Leynaud, Cabrera & Carrasco 2005 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Phalotris multipunctatus Many-spotted Collared Snake Atkinson, Smith, Dickens & Lee-Zuck 2018 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Puorto & Ferrarezzi 1993 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Phalotris nasutus Snouted Collared Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ferrarezzi 1993 Ferreira, Wang & Himmelstein 2005 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Lema 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Phalotris reticulatus Southern Reticulated Collared Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ferrarezzi, Calleffo, Castellar & de Lauro 2005 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 [as Elapomorphus lemniscatus iheringi] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)   Philodryas aestiva Eastern Brazilian Green Bush Racer Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Thomas 1976 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Philodryas livida Blue Bush Racer Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Philodryas mattogrossensis Mato Grosso Bush Racer Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Cacciali, Cabral, Ferreira & Koehler 2016 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Thomas 1976 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Philodryas nattereri Paraguay Bush Racer Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Smith, Scott, Cacciali, Atkinson & Pheasey 2013 Thomas 1976 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Philodryas olfersii Common Green Bush Racer Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Thomas 1976 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes)   Phimophis guerini Argentine Shovel-nosed Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Filho, Santana, Vieira, Alves, Montenegro & Freitas 2012 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marques, Tinoco, Browne-Ribeiro & Fazolato 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Silva Lisboa, Araujo-Neto, Soares Tiburcio & Silva 2011 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Pseudablabes (Reticulated Bush Racers)   Pseudablabes agassizii Burrowing Night Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Souza Filho & Plombon 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Pseudablabes arnaldoi Brazilian Speckled Racer Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Pseudablabes patagoniensis Patagonian Bush Racer Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gouveia, Novelli, Vieira & Sousa 2017 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Thomas 1976 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)   Pseudoboa haasi Parana Scarlet Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Morato, Moura-Leite, Costa Prudente & Bernils 1995 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008   Pseudoboa nigra Blackish Scarlet Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Orofino, Pizzatto & Marques 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008   Pseudoboa serrana Southeast Brazilian Scarlet Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Morato, Moura-Leite, Costa Prudente & Bernils 1995 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008 Genus Psomophis (Smooth Ground Snakes)   Psomophis joberti Brazilian Ground Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Myers & Cadle 1994 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Rhachidelus (Brazilian Bird Snake)   Rhachidelus brazili Brazilian Bird Snake Arruda, Avila, Morais & Kawashito-Ribeiro 2011 Boulenger 1908 Campos Nogueira 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Lima Silveira 2004 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Simophis (South American False Coral Snake)   Simophis rhinostomus South American False Coral Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Cacciali, Scott, Gunther, Sawaya, Brusquetti & Bauer 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Abe 1991 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)   Siphlophis longicaudatus Long-tailed Liana Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017 Thomassen, Costa, Silveira, Garcia & Bernils 2015 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher & Prudente 1999 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Siphlophis pulcher Guanabara Liana Snake Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017 Zaher & Prudente 1999 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Sordellina (Brazilian Yellow-lipped Snake)   Sordellina punctata Brazilian Yellow-lipped Snake Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hoge & Romano 1978 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Miranda & Fernandes 2012 Pereira, Stender-Oliveira, Rodrigues & Bernils 2007 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)   Spilotes pullatus Chicken Snake Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Cicchi, Serafim, Sena, Cruz-Centeno & Jim 2009 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Hauzman, Costa & Scartozzoni 2005 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)   Tantilla melanocephala South American Black-headed Centipede Snake Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 [as "cf. melanocephala"] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Jowers, Rivas, Jadin, Braswell, Auguste, Borzee & Murphy 2020 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya & Sazima 2003 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Wilson & Mena 1980 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Thamnodynastes (South American Mock Vipers)   Thamnodynastes longicaudus Long-tailed Mock Viper Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Ferreira, Marques & Sazima 2003 Silveira 2006 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Thamnodynastes pallidus Common South American Mock Viper Sazima & Manzani 1995 [as "cf. strigilis"] Genus Tomodon (Pampas Snakes)   Tomodon dorsatus Brazilian Pampas Snake Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Tropidodryas (Atlantic Forest Tree Snakes)   Tropidodryas serra Atlantic Forest Lowland Tree Snake Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Oliveira 2008 Thomas & Dixon 1977 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Tropidodryas striaticeps Atlantic Forest Highland Tree Snake Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Guedes & Marques 2011 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira 2008 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as Philodryas pseudoserra] Thomas & Dixon 1977 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)   Xenodon merremii Toad-eating Mock Lancehead Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Xenodon nattereri Banded Hognose Snake Argolo 2002 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Lima Silveira, Ribeiro Costa & Salles 2004 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Xenodon neuwiedii East Brazilian Mock Lancehead Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Xenopholis (South American Flat-headed Snakes)   Xenopholis scalaris Northern Flat-headed Snake Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hamdan, Machado & Citeli 2015 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Xenopholis undulatus Southern Flat-headed Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Loebmann 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)   Micrurus carvalhoi Brazilian Ribbon Coral Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 [as M. lemniscatus] Barbo 2008 [as M. lemniscatus] Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 [as M. lemniscatus] Campbell & Lamar 2004 Castro, Oliveira, Gonzalez, Curcio & Feitosa 2017 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 [as M. lemniscatus] Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 [as M. lemniscatus] Pires, Silva, Feitosa, Prudente, Filho & Zaher 2014 Roze 1996 Sazima & Abe 1991 [as M. lemniscatus] Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 [as M. lemniscatus]   Micrurus corallinus Painted Coral Snake Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Micrurus decoratus Decorated Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Castellari-Gonzalez, Silva-Soares, Castro & Bernils 2014 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Roze 1996 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Micrurus frontalis Cerrado Coral Snake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Campbell & Lamar 1989 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Roze 1996 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Silva & Sites 1999 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Trilepida (Three-scaled Thread Snakes)   Trilepida koppesi Terenos Thread Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Filogonio & Canelas 2015 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Passos, Caramaschi & Pinto 2006 Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Tropidophiidae (Dwarf Boas) Genus Tropidophis (Typical Dwarf Boas)   Tropidophis paucisquamis Southern Brazilian Dwarf Boa Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk & Rodrigues 2012 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Tanaka, Rotenberg & Muscat 2018 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)   Amerotyphlops brongersmianus Bahia Blind Snake Arruda, Almeida, Rolim & Maffei 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Reis Martins, Lima Silveira & Freire-Bruno 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)   * Bothrops alcatraz Alcatrazes Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Marques, Martins & Sazima 2002 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops alternatus Urutu Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops cotiara Southeast Brazilian Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops diporus Chaco Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva & Rodrigues 2008   Bothrops fonsecai Rio de Janeiro Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Manzani, Moreno & Nassif-Mattar 1997 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   * Bothrops germanoi Moela Island Lancehead Barbo, Booker, Duarte, Chaluppe, Portes-Junior, Franco & Grazziotin 2022   * Bothrops insularis Golden Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops itapetiningae Itapetininga Lancehead Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops jararaca Jararaca Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixo & Verdade 2006 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sazima & Manzani 1995 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops jararacussu Jararacussu Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Cicchi, Sena, Peccinini-Seale & Duarte 2007 Cicchi, Serafim, Sena, Cruz-Centeno & Jim 2009 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Fiorillo, Silva, Menezes, Marques & Martins 2020 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2011 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops leucurus Bahia Lancehead David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018   Bothrops mattogrossensis Mato Grosso Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops moojeni Brazilian Lancehead Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Nogueira, Sawaya & Martins 2003 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Bothrops neuwiedi Eastern Brazilian Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   * Bothrops otavioi Vitoria Island Lancehead Barbo, Grazziotin, Sazima, Martins & Sawaya 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018   Bothrops pauloensis Black-faced Lancehead Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)   Crotalus durissus South American Rattlesnake Araujo & Almeida-Santos 2011 Araujo, Condez, Bovo, Centeno & Luiz 2010 Barbo 2008 Barbo, Marques & Sawaya 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Sawaya & Marques 2008 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Fiorillo, Maciel & Martins 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hartmann, Hartmann & Martins 2009 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Oliveira-Araujo, Correa-Filho & Sawaya 2010 Ortiz, Freitas, Rodrigues, Abegg & Franco 2017 Sawaya, Marques & Martins 2008 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Chelidae (Austro-American Side-necked Turtles) Genus Acanthochelys (South American Side-necked Swamp Turtles)   Acanthochelys spixii Black Spiny-necked Swamp Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Rhodin, Silva & Mittermeier 1984 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Hydromedusa (South American Snake-necked Turtles)   Hydromedusa maximiliani Brazilian Snake-necked Turtle Argolo & Freitas 2002 Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa, Rezende, Molina, Nascimento, Leite & Fernandes 2015 Cruz-Forlani, Bernardo, Haddad & Zaher 2010 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Souza & Martins 2009 Souza, Cunha, Oliveira, Pereira & Reis 2003 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011   Hydromedusa tectifera Uruguayan Snake-necked Turtle Alcalde, Sanchez & Pritchard 2021 Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Cavalheri, Siqueira, Brasil-Godinho, Fadel, Trevine, Sartori & Santana 2021 Condez, Sawaya & Dixo 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fritz & Havas 2006 Marques, Pereira, Barbo, Germano & Sawaya 2009 Marquez & Sazima 2004 Pritchard 1979 Reis Martins, Carvalho-Garbin & Freire Bruno 2011 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sousa & Novelli 2009 Trevine, Forlani, Haddad & Zaher 2014 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Mesoclemmys (Hump-backed Toad-headed Turtles)   Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei Tobati Toad-headed Turtle Brito, Strussmann, Kawashita-Ribeiro, Morais, Avila & Campos 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Maffei, Nascimento, Moya & Donatelli 2016 Marques, Boehm, Brito, Cabrera & Verdade 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Phrynops (Lesser Toad-headed Turtles)   Phrynops geoffroanus Brazilian Toad-headed Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ferronato, Marques, Souza, Verdade & Matushima 2009 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Damasio & Carvalho 2010 Santos, Soares-e-Soares, Marcovaldi, Silveira-Monteiro, Giffoni & Padua-Almeida 2011 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Damasio & Carvalho 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Damasio & Carvalho 2010 Fernandes, Bondioli, Kienle & Schiavetti 2015 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Castilhos, Coelho, Argolo, Santos, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Damasio & Carvalho 2010 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Damasio & Carvalho 2010 Padua Almeida, Eckert, Bruno, Scalfoni, Barros Giffoni, Lopez-Mendilaharsu & Thome 2011 Padua-Almeida, Thome, Baptistotte, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011 Zaher, Barbo, Martinez, Nogueira, Rodrigues & Sawaya 2011