Reptiles of
Para [Brazil]

Related checklists:  Brazil - Marajo Island

Bibliography of the reptiles of Para Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Para Introduced species
Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates
Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards)
Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)
 
Amphisbaena alba

Common Red Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Gans 1962 Maschio, Prudente & Mott 2009 Mott 2006 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
 
Amphisbaena fuliginosa

Spotted Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Maschio, Prudente & Mott 2009 Menezes Chalkidis 2000 Roberto, Muniz Silva, Pinto & Avila 2021 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1951 [as fuliginosa] Vanzolini 2002
  *
Amphisbaena hoogmoedi

Jacareacanga Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Oliveira, Vaz-Silva, Santos-Junior, Graboski, Teixeira, Vechio & Ribeiro 2018
 
Amphisbaena miringoera

Rio Tapirapes Worm Lizard

Almeida, Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Rodrigues & Mott 2016 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mott, Neto & Filho 2011 Ribeiro, Sa, Santos-Jr., Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade & Vaz-Silva 2019
 
Amphisbaena mitchelli

Marajo Worm Lizard

Almeida, Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Rodrigues & Mott 2016 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Hoogmoed & Avila-Pires 1991 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro, Sa, Santos-Jr., Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade & Vaz-Silva 2019 Ribeiro, Santos, Chagas & Chalkidis 2014 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Teixeira, Vechio, Neto & Rodrigues 2014
 
Amphisbaena slevini

Manaus Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
  *
Amphisbaena tragorrhectes

Oriximina Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 2005 Vanzolini 1971
 
Amphisbaena vanzolinii

Marudi Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gomes & Maciel 2012
 
Amphisbaena vermicularis

Vermiculate Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans & Amdur 1966 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980
Genus Aulura (Auro Worm Lizard)
 
Aulura anomala

Auro Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha 1961 Gans 1967 Gans 1971 Gans 2005 Gomes & Maciel 2012 Mott & Vieites 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro, Sa, Santos-Jr., Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade & Vaz-Silva 2019
Genus Bronia (Brazilian Worm Lizards)
 
Bronia brasiliana

Lower Amazon Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dorado-Rodrigues, Strussmann, Souza-e-Lima, Valadao & Mott 2013 Gans 1967 Gans 1971 Gans 2005 Gomes & Maciel 2012 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
Genus Leposternon (South American Worm Lizards)
 
Leposternon infraorbitale

Central Brazilian Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Leposternon microcephalum

Small-headed Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1971
 
Leposternon polystegum

East Brazilian Worm Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1971 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Tavares & Ribeiro 2014
Genus Mesobaena (Amazonian Dwarf Worm Lizards)
  *
Mesobaena rhachicephala

Ridge-headed Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoogmoed, Pinto, Rocha & Pereira 2009

Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans)
Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)
 
Caiman crocodilus

Common Caiman

Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Busack & Pandya 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Genus Melanosuchus (Black Caiman)
 
Melanosuchus niger

Black Caiman

Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Plotkin, Medem, Mittermeier & Constable 1983 Vasquez 1991
Genus Paleosuchus (Dwarf Caimans)
 
Paleosuchus palpebrosus

Cayenne Dwarf Caiman

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
 
Paleosuchus trigonatus

Northwestern Dwarf Caiman

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alopoglossidae (Fold-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Alopoglossus (Western Shade Tejus)
 
Alopoglossus angulatus

Surinam Shade Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Hoogmoed 1973 Koehler, Diethert & Vesely 2012 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Pinto 2000 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Ribeiro-Junior 2018 Ribeiro-Junior, Choueri, Lobos, Venegas, Torres-Carvajal & Werneck 2020 Ribeiro-Junior, Meiri & Fouquet 2021 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1974
 
Alopoglossus brevifrontalis

Rio Pastaza Shade Teju

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
 
Alopoglossus meloi

Para Shade Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2018 Ribeiro-Junior, Meiri & Fouquet 2021
  *
Alopoglossus tapajosensis

Itaituba Shade Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior, Sanchez-Martinez, Lima Moraes, Oliveira, Carvalho, Pavan, Lacerda Choueri, Werneck & Meiri 2021
 Family Anolidae (Anoles)
Genus Dactyloa (Fringe-toed Anoles)
 
Dactyloa phyllorhina

Leaf-nosed Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Dactyloa punctata

Blue-spotted Green Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Rodrigues, Xavier, Skuk & Pavan 2002 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 1974
Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)
 
Norops auratus

Surinam Grass Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Magnusson 1993 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Pinto 2000 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1972
 
Norops brasiliensis

Brazilian Golden-scaled Anole

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Norops chrysolepis

Greater Golden-scaled Anole

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Norops fuscoauratus

Lichen-coloured Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Hoogmoed 1973 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Sousa & Freire 2010 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 1974
 
Norops ortonii

Amazon Bark Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 d'Assuncao, Filho, Santos Araujo & Moura 2012 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Nicholson & Koehler 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 1974
 
Norops tandai

Brazilian Blue-throated Anole

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Santos, Frota & Ribeiro 2007
 
Norops trachydermus

Rough-skinned Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1972
 Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Amapasaurus (Amapa Four-toed Spectacled Teju)
 
Amapasaurus tetradactylus

Amapa Four-toed Spectacled Teju

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Jairam & Jairam-Doerga 2015 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Arthrosaura (Creek Tejus)
 
Arthrosaura kockii

Eastern Creek Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha 1961 Hoogmoed & Avila-Pires 1992 Hoogmoed 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Vanzolini 1974
 
Arthrosaura reticulata

Western Creek Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Hoogmoed & Avila-Pires 1992 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Pinto 2000 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
 
Arthrosaura versteegii

Cottica Mountains Creek Teju

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Silva 2018 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Bachia (Earless Tejus)
 
Bachia flavescens

Guiana Earless Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 [as "B. flavescens complex"] Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
 
Bachia panoplia

Manaus Earless Teju

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
 
Bachia scolecoides

Mato Grosso Earless Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Cercosaura (Eastern Shade Tejus)
 
Cercosaura anordosquama

Juruti Shade Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Sturaro, Rodrigues, Colli, Knowles & Avila-Pires 2018
 
Cercosaura argulus

White-lipped Shade Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uzzell 1973 Vanzolini 1972
 
Cercosaura eigenmanni

Sara Shade Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
 
Cercosaura ocellata

Ocellated Shade Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Sturaro, Rodrigues, Colli, Knowles & Avila-Pires 2018
Genus Colobosaura (Short-thumbed Spectacled Tejus)
 
Colobosaura modesta

Morro da Garcza Spectacled Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freire, Jorge & Ribeiro 2012 Muniz, Vega, Chaves, Moura, Santos & Moura 2012 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus)
 
Gymnophthalmus vanzoi

Roraima Snake-eyed Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Iphisa (Glossy Shade Teju)
 
Iphisa elegans

Glossy Shade Teju

Andrade, Santos, Kawashita-Ribeiro & Vaz-Silva 2013 Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Hoogmoed 1973 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
Genus Loxopholis (Western Root Tejus)
 
Loxopholis guianensis

Guyana Root Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Brunes, Silva, Marques-Souza, Rodrigues & Pellegrino 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Rodrigues 1997 Rodrigues, Dixo & Accacio 2002
 
Loxopholis osvaldoi

Rondonian Root Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
 
Loxopholis percarinata

Striped Root Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Brunes, Silva, Marques-Souza, Rodrigues & Pellegrino 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Marques Souza, Pellegrino, Sales Nunes, Teixeira Junior, Gordo, Carvalho, Almeida, Oliveira, Frazao, Hrbek, Pires Farias & Rodrigues 2015 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Rodrigues 1997 Rodrigues, Dixo & Accacio 2002 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Micrablepharus (Snake-eyed Glossy Tejus)
 
Micrablepharus atticolus

Cerrado Snake-eyed Glossy Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Rodrigues 1996
 
Micrablepharus maximiliani

Blue-tailed Snake-eyed Glossy Teju

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Moura, Dayrell & Avelar Sao Pedro 2010 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Neusticurus (Guianan Water Tejus)
 
Neusticurus bicarinatus

Two-keeled Water Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uzzell 1966
 
Neusticurus surinamensis

Surinam Water Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 [as rudis] Avila-Pires 2005 [as rudis] Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 [as rudis] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kok, Bittenbinder, Berg, Souza, Nunes, Laking, Teixeira Junior, Fouquet, Means, MacCulloch & Rodrigues 2018 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 [as rudis] Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 [as rudis]
Genus Potamites (Western Water Tejus)
 
Potamites ecpleopus

Common Water Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Silveira, Miranda & Azevedo-Ramos 1998 Vanzolini 1972
Genus Rondonops (Shield-naped Spectacled Tejus)
 
Rondonops biscutatus

Speckled-lipped Shield-naped Teju

Abegg, Entiauspe-Neto, Santos & Borges 2017 Colli, Hoogmoed, Cannatella, Cassimiro, Gomes, Ghellere, Nunes, Pellegrino, Salerno, Souza & Rodrigues 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
 
Rondonops xanthomystax

Yellow-lipped Shield-naped Teju

Colli, Hoogmoed, Cannatella, Cassimiro, Gomes, Ghellere, Nunes, Pellegrino, Salerno, Souza & Rodrigues 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Tretioscincus (Skink Tejus)
 
Tretioscincus agilis

Agile Skink Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoogmoed 1973 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Vanzolini 1972
 
Tretioscincus oriximinensis

Oriximina Skink Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
 Family Hoplocercidae (Club-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Hoplocercus (Eastern Club-tailed Iguana)
 
Hoplocercus spinosus

Eastern Club-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas)
Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)
 
Iguana iguana

South American Green Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1972
 Family Leiosauridae (Smooth Iguanas)
Genus Enyalius (Fat-headed Anoles)
 
Enyalius leechii

Hexagon Fat-headed Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha 1961 Etheridge 1969 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues, Freitas, Silva & Bertolotto 2006
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Gymnodactylus (Naked-toed Geckos)
 
Gymnodactylus amarali

Maranhao Naked-toed Gecko

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
Genus Phyllopezus (South American Robust Geckos)
 
Phyllopezus pollicaris

Common Robust Gecko

Condez, Tonini, Pereira-Ribeiro & Dubeux 2021 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
Genus Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos)
 
Thecadactylus rapicauda

Northern Turnip-tailed Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bergmann & Russell 2007 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Hoogmoed 1973 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1968 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 1974
 Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards)
Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)
 
Polychrus acutirostris

Sharp-nosed Monkey Lizard

Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha 1961 Parker 1935 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980
 
Polychrus marmoratus

Marbled Monkey Lizard

Araujo-Neto, Tiburcio, Galdino, Goncalves & Silva 2012 Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Torres-Carvajal, Koch, Venegas & Poe 2017 Vanzolini 1974
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Copeoglossum (Neotropical Spotted Skinks)
 
Copeoglossum nigropunctatum

Black-spotted Skink

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Blackburn & Vitt 1992 [as Mabuya bistriata] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Hedges & Conn 2012 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Miralles, Barrio-Amoros, Rivas & Chaparro-Auza 2006 Miralles, Rivas-Fuenmayor & Barrio-Amoros 2005 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vitt & Blackburn 1991 [as Mabuya bistriata]
Genus Manciola (South American Small-handed Skink)
 
Manciola guaporicola

South American Small-handed Skink

Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
Genus Notomabuya (Southern Neotropical Skink)
 
Notomabuya frenata

Southern Neotropical Skink

Caldeira Costa, Dias Fernandes, Vrcibradic & Neves Feio 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Vrcibradic & de Moura-Leite 2003 Vrcibradic, Almeida-Gomes, Borges-Junior, Kiefer, Sluys & Raocha 2006
Genus Varzea (Amazonian Floodplain Skinks)
 
Varzea bistriata

Lower Amazon Floodplain Skink

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Miralles, Barrio-Amoros, Rivas & Chaparro-Auza 2006 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
 Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.)
Genus Chatogekko (Pug-nosed Dwarf Gecko)
 
Chatogekko amazonicus

Pug-nosed Dwarf Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Gamble, Daza, Colli, Vitt & Bauer 2011 Geurgas, Rodrigues & Moritz 2008 Goncalves, Torquato, Skuk & Sena 2012 Hoogmoed 1973 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1968 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 1974
Genus Coleodactylus (Sheath-toed Pygmy Geckos)
 
Coleodactylus meridionalis

Atlantic Forest Pygmy Gecko

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
Genus Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos)
 
Gonatodes annularis

Ringed Padless Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kok 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013
 
Gonatodes eladioi

Para Padless Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013
 
Gonatodes hasemani

Brown-headed Padless Lizard

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013
 
Gonatodes humeralis

Bridled Forest Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Hoogmoed 1973 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013 Vanzolini 1968 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 1974
 
Gonatodes nascimentoi

Anapu Padless Gecko

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011
  *
Gonatodes tapajonicus

Rio Tapajo Padless Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues 1980 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013
Genus Lepidoblepharis (Scaly-eyed Geckos)
 
Lepidoblepharis heyerorum

Amazon Scaly-eyed Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as f. festae] Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1968 [as festae] Vanzolini 1974 [as festae]
Genus Pseudogonatodes (South American Pygmy Geckos)
 
Pseudogonatodes guianensis

Amazon Pygmy Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus)
Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)
 
Ameiva ameiva

South American Giant Ameiva

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Magnusson 1993 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1972
Genus Cnemidophorus (Southern Whiptails)
 
Cnemidophorus cryptus

Bolivar Whiptail

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole & Dessauer 1993 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
 
Cnemidophorus lemniscatus

Rainbow Whiptail

Avila-Pires 1995 [as "cf. lemniscatus"] Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Cole & Dessauer 1993 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Mesquita & Colli 2003 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Crocodilurus (Crocodile Teju)
 
Crocodilurus amazonicus

Crocodile Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 [as lacertinus] Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Martins 2006 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Vanzolini 1972 [as lacertinus]
Genus Dracaena (Caiman Lizards)
 
Dracaena guianensis

Northern Caiman Lizard

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Vanzolini & Valencia 1965
Genus Kentropyx (Spurred Whiptails)
 
Kentropyx altamazonica

Cocha Whiptail

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
 
Kentropyx calcarata

Striped Forest Whiptail

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Gallagher & Dixon 1992 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Hoogmoed 1973 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Kentropyx striata

Surinam Striped Whiptail

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gallagher & Dixon 1992 Hoogmoed 1973 Magnusson 1993 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Vanzolini 1972
Genus Salvator (Southern Tejus)
 
Salvator merianae

Southern Black-and-White Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Colli, Peres & Cunha 1998 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Koehler & Langerwerf 2000 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
Genus Tupinambis (Northern Tejus)
 
Tupinambis longilineus

Rondonian Teju

Caldeira Costa, Avelar Sao Pedro, Peres Junior & Neves Feio 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Lima & Pimenta 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
 
Tupinambis quadrilineatus

Four-striped Teju

Abrahao-Morato, Meer, Bornschein, Vieira Capela, Almeida Ulandowski & Zampier 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ferreira, Pereira, Avila-Pires, Chaves, Cunha & Furtado 2009 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Silva, Ribeiro-Junior & Avila-Pires 2018
 
Tupinambis teguixin

Amazonian Black-and-White Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Colli, Peres & Cunha 1998 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Murphy, Jowers, Lehtinen, Charles, Colli, Peres, Hendry & Pyron 2016 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 [as nigropunctatus] Passos, Lima-Araujo, Melo & Borges-Nojosa 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
 Family Tropiduridae (Rough-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Plica (Tree Runners)
 
Plica plica

Collared Tree Runner

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Etheridge 1970 Hoogmoed 1973 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Vanzolini 1972 Vitt 1991
 
Plica umbra

Smooth-necked Tree Runner

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Etheridge 1970 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1972 Vanzolini 1974
Genus Stenocercus (Whorl-tailed Iguanas)
 
Stenocercus dumerilii

Para Whorl-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Cadle 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Torres-Carvajal 2005 Torres-Carvajal 2007
Genus Tropidurus (Eastern Keel-tailed Iguanas)
 
Tropidurus hispidus

Spotted Keel-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues 1987 Sousa Abreu, Frota & Yuki 2002
 
Tropidurus insulanus

Cachimbo Keel-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues 1987
 
Tropidurus oreadicus

Cerrado Keel-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues 1987 Santos, Sousa Abreu & Frota 2002
Genus Uracentron (South American Spiny-tailed Iguanas)
 
Uracentron azureum

Green Spiny-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Etheridge 1968 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1972
Genus Uranoscodon (Mop-headed Iguana)
 
Uranoscodon superciliosus

Mop-headed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Prudente, Magalhaes, Menks & Melo-Sarmento 2013 Cunha 1961 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Hoogmoed 1973 Howland, Vitt & Lopez 1990 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Vanzolini 1972

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Aniliidae (South American Pipe Snake)
Genus Anilius (South American Pipe Snake)
 
Anilius scytale

South American Pipe Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Maschio, Lima & Costa Prudente 2005 Maschio, Prudente, Rodrigues & Hoogmoed 2010 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Valls Moraes & Yuki 1998 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
 Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes)
Genus Liotyphlops (Smooth Blind Snakes)
 
Liotyphlops ternetzii

Paraguayan Blind Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cruz-Centeno, Swaya & Germano 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999
Genus Typhlophis (Cayenne Blind Snake)
 
Typhlophis squamosus

Cayenne Blind Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Chippaux 1987 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)
 
Boa constrictor

South American Red-tailed Boa

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)
 
Corallus batesii

Southern Emerald Tree Boa

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Henderson, Passos & Feitosa 2009 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Corallus caninus

Northern Emerald Tree Boa

Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Henderson, Passos & Feitosa 2009 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Corallus hortulana

Amazon Tree Boa

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as enydris] Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Henderson 1997 Henderson 2002 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)
 
Epicrates cenchria

Common Rainbow Boa

Amaral 1949 Andrade-Junior, Soares Franca, Sudre & Passos 2020 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Epicrates crassus

Paraguayan Rainbow Boa

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos & Fernandes 2008
 
Epicrates maurus

Northern Rainbow Boa

Andrade-Junior, Soares Franca, Sudre & Passos 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 [as cenchria barbouri] Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos & Franco 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as cenchria barbouri] Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Stimson 1969 [as cenchria barbouri] Yuki & Santos 1998 [as cenchria barbouri]
Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)
 
Eunectes deschauenseei

Dark-spotted Anaconda

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dirksen 1999 Dirksen 2002 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Stimson 1969 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Eunectes murinus

Green Anaconda

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dirksen 2002 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Murphy & Henderson 1997 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 [as Eunectes barbouri] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as barbouri] Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Stimson 1969 [as E. barbouri] Yuki & Santos 1998
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Adelphostigma (Twin-spotted Leaf-litter Snakes)
 
Adelphostigma occipitalis

Bahia Leaf-litter Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 [as "cf. occipitalis"] Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Santos & Lema 2004 Santos, Di-Bernardo & Lema 2008 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Adelphostigma quadriocellata

Four-spotted Leaf-litter Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos, Di-Bernardo & Lema 2008 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Genus Apostolepis (Black-tailed Blackheads)
 
Apostolepis flavotorquata

Yellow-collared Blackhead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lema & Renner 2005 Lema 2002 Lima Silveira 2014
 
Apostolepis longicaudata

Piaui Blackhead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Apostolepis nelsonjorgei

Minacu Blackhead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Apostolepis nigrolineata

Para Blackhead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Curcio, Nunes, Harvey & Rodrigues 2011 Entiauspe-Neto, Koch, Guedes & Tiutenko 2020 Ferrarezzi, Barbo & Albuquerque 2005 [as pymi] Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Lema & Albuquerque 2010 [as pymi] Lema 2001 Lema, Queiroz & Martins 2017 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 [as pymi] Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 [as pymi] Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Apostolepis quinquelineata

Five-lined Blackhead

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Lema 2001 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)
  *
Atractus akerios

Nova Vida Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal 2021
 
Atractus albuquerquei

Guama River Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha & Nascimento 1983 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawaya 2019 Silva, Silva, Ribeiro, Souza & Souza 2005 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Zaher, Souza, Gower, Hingst-Zaher & Silva 2005
 
Atractus alphonsehogei

Bela Vista Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha & Nascimento 1983 Cunha & Nascimento 1984 Martins & Oliveira 1993 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos, Prudente, Ramos, Caicedo-Portilla & Lynch 2018 Passos, Ramos, Pinna & Prudente 2013 Prudente & Passos 2010 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
  *
Atractus altagratiae

Cururu River Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
 
Atractus badius

Guianan Spindle Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Melo-Sampaio, Ramos, Grazziotin, Fouquet & Torres-Carvajal 2022
 
Atractus boimirim

Jamari River Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Prudente & Lynch 2016
 
Atractus caxiuana

Para Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos, Ramos, Pinna & Prudente 2013 Prudente & Passos 2010 Prudente & Santos-Costa 2006
 
Atractus dapsilis

Oriximina Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Costa Prudente & Torres-Carvajal 2019
 
Atractus elaps

Black Spindle Snake

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Atractus flammigerus

Flaming Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
  *
Atractus hoogmoedi

Santa Luzia Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha & Nascimento 1984 [as zidoki] Passos, Ramos, Pinna & Prudente 2013 Prudente & Passos 2010 Vanzolini 1986 [as zidoki]
 
Atractus latifrons

Wedge-tailed Spindle Snake

Almeida, Feitosa, Passos & Prudente 2014 Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
 
Atractus major

Brown Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Prudente & Costa 2004 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Atractus natans

Mamiraua Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoogmoed & Prudente 2003 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos, Cisneros-Heredia, Rivera, Aguilar & Schargel 2012 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
 
Atractus snethlageae

Gurupi River Spindle Snake

Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota 2000 Martins & Oliveira 1993 Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal 2021 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos, Ramos, Fouquet & Prudente 2017 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Atractus tartarus

Vila Palestina Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Prudente & Lynch 2016
 
Atractus torquatus

Rusty Spindle Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos & Prudente 2012
 
Atractus trefauti

Roura Spindle Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Costa Prudente & Torres-Carvajal 2019
Genus Cercophis (Atlantic Forest Liana Snake)
 
Cercophis auratus

Atlantic Forest Liana Snake

Bezerra, Ferreira-Guilhon, Lima-Ramos & Borges-Nojosa 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha & Nascimento 1982 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Hoogmoed, Fernandes, Kucharzewski, Moura-Leite, Bernils, Entiauspe-Neto & Santos 2019
Genus Chironius (Sipos)
 
Chironius carinatus

Yellow-lipped Sipo

Amaral 1949 Araujo, Franca, Nascimento, Orsi Laranjeiras & Rodrigues Franca 2019 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Chironius exoletus

Green Sipo

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Frota & Yuki 2002 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Chironius flavolineatus

Yellow-striped Sipo

Albuquerque & Freitas 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Hamdan & Fernandes 2015 Hamdan, Scali & Fernandes 2014 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Chironius fuscus

Brown Sipo

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Chironius multiventris

Peruvian Sipo

Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 [as cochranae] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 [as cochranae] Freiberg 1982 [as cochranae] Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 [as cochranae] Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Chironius scurrulus

Rusty Sipo

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Genus Chlorosoma (Green Bush Racers)
 
Chlorosoma viridissimum

Emerald Bush Racer

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Rocha & Loebmann 2018 Freitas, Franca & Bernarde 2012 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Thomas 1976 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)
 
Clelia clelia

Common Snake Eater

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Zaher 1996
 
Clelia plumbea

Plumbeous Snake Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Yuki & Santos 1998 Zaher 1996
Genus Dendrophidion (Forest Racers)
 
Dendrophidion dendrophis

Tawny Forest Racer

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freire, Caramaschi & Goncalves 2010 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Prudente, Maschio, Yamashina & Santos-Costa 2007 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Dipsas catesbyi

Ornate Snail Eater

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Lima & Prudente 2009 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Sanchez-Martinez, Franca & Trevine 2022 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Dipsas indica

Big-headed Snail Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
 
Dipsas mikanii

Brazilian White-collared Snail Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca 2003 Freitas, Almeida, Almeida, Danin & Moura 2014
 
Dipsas pavonina

Northern Snail Eater

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Lima & Prudente 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Dipsas variegata

Many-banded Snail Eater

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Drepanoides (Amazon Egg Eater)
 
Drepanoides anomalus

Amazon Egg Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Queiroz, Sousa & Hamdan 2020 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Vanzolini 1986 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)
 
Drymarchon corais

Yellow-tailed Cribo

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Prudente, Menks, Silva & Maschio 2014 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Drymobius (Central American Racers)
 
Drymobius rhombifer

Diamondback Racer

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Genus Drymoluber (Glossy Racers)
 
Drymoluber dichrous

Northern Glossy Racer

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)
 
Dryophylax ramonriveroi

Turimiquire Mock Viper

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)
 
Erythrolamprus aesculapii

Southern Mock Coral Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Erythrolamprus almadensis

Almada Smooth Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1991 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Erythrolamprus breviceps

Short-headed Smooth Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1989 Frota 2001
  *
Erythrolamprus carajasensis

Carajas Smooth Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dixon 1989
 
Erythrolamprus miliaris

Military Smooth Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Frota & Santos 2002 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Santos & Frota 2002 Santos & Yuki 2002
 
Erythrolamprus oligolepis

Para Smooth Snake

Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Freitas, Bernarde & Uhlig 2013 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 
Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus

Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake

Amaral 1949 Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Erythrolamprus pygmaeus

Amazon Dwarf Forest Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kawashita-Ribeiro, Carvalho, Lima, Avila & Fraga 2011 Vechio, Teixeira-Junior, Recoder, Sena, Souza & Rodrigues 2015
 
Erythrolamprus reginae

Northern Royal Smooth Snake

Albarelli & Santos-Costa 2010 Amaral 1949 Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as oligolepis] Dixon 1989 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Erythrolamprus taeniogaster

Banded Smooth Snake

Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota & Santos 2003 Frota 2001 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Erythrolamprus typhlus

Velvety Smooth Snake

Amaral 1949 Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1987 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)
 
Helicops angulatus

Brown-banded Keelback

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Borges-Nojosa, Dourado de Mesquita & Fernandes-Ferreira 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota 2005 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais 2013 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Roberto, Ribeiro, Sousa-Delfino & Oliveira-Almeida 2009 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Helicops hagmanni

Amazonian Keelback

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota 2005 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Rossman 1975 Roux 1910 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Helicops leopardinus

Leopard Keelback

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota 2005 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Helicops polylepis

South American Many-scaled Keelback

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota 2005 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Helicops tapajonicus

Tapajos River Keelback

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota 2005 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019
 
Helicops trivittatus

Three-striped Keelback

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota 2005 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Oliveira, Silva, Santos, Barriga, Gabriel & Costa-Campos 2015 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Hydrodynastes (False Water Cobras)
 
Hydrodynastes bicinctus

Two-banded False Water Cobra

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Hydrodynastes gigas

Giant False Water Cobra

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Fernandes & Bentim 2007 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Muller 1975 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes)
 
Hydrops martii

Coral Mud Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Pinheiro, Borges & Loebmann 2017 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Roze 1957 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Hydrops triangularis

Red-sided Mud Snake

Albuquerque & Lema 2008 Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Guimaraes-Guedes, Rodrigues-Maia & Yuki 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Roze 1957 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)
 
Imantodes cenchoa

Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Imantodes lentiferus

Amazon Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Ascenso & Missassi 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Missassi, Santos-Costa & Prudente 2015 Sampaio & Maciel 2012 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)
 
Leptodeira annulata

South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Duellman 1958 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)
 
Leptophis ahaetulla

Common Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Amaral 1949 [as richardi] Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Oliver 1948 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Leptophis nigromarginatus

Black-skinned Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Oliver 1948
Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)
 
Lygophis lineatus

Western Striped Ground Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Lygophis meridionalis

Paraguayan Striped Ground Snake

Castro & Oliveira 2017 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)
 
Mastigodryas boddaerti

Brown Lizard Eater

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Montingelli, Valencia, Benavides & Zaher 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Siqueira, Nascimento & Santos-Costa 2012 Siqueira, Nascimento, Montingelli & Santos-Costa 2013 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Mastigodryas pleei

Many-lined Lizard Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Montingelli & Zaher 2011 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019
Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)
 
Oxybelis aeneus

Brown Vine Snake

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Jadin, Blair, Orlofske, Jowers, Rivas, Vitt, Ray, Smith & Murphy 2020 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Oxybelis fulgidus

Green Vine Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Scartozzoni, Salomao & Almeida-Santos 2009 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)
 
Oxyrhopus formosus

Yellow-headed Calico Snake

Amaral 1949 [as Pseudoboa submarginata] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
 
Oxyrhopus melanogenys

Black-headed Calico Snake

Amaral 1949 [as Pseudoboa bitorquata] Avila-Pires 2005 [as "aff. melanogenys"] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha & Nascimento 1983 Frota 2000 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Yuki & Santos 1998 Zaher & Caramaschi 1992
 
Oxyrhopus occipitalis

Northern Calico Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
 
Oxyrhopus petolarius

Banded Calico Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
 
Oxyrhopus rhombifer

Rhombic Calico Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 
Oxyrhopus trigeminus

Northern Brazilian Calico Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998 Zaher & Caramaschi 1992
 
Oxyrhopus vanidicus

Leticia Calico Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Palusophis (Eastern Lizard Eater)
 
Palusophis bifossatus

Eastern Lizard Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)
 
Philodryas olfersii

Common Green Bush Racer

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Thomas 1976
Genus Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes)
 
Phimophis guianensis

Northern Tropical Shovel-nosed Snake

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)
 
Phrynonax sexcarinatus

Southern Bird Snake

Amaral 1949 [as polylepis] Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 [as polylepis] Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as polylepis] Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 [as polylepis] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 [as poecilonotus] Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
Genus Pseudablabes (Reticulated Bush Racers)
 
Pseudablabes patagoniensis

Patagonian Bush Racer

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gouveia, Novelli, Vieira & Sousa 2017
Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)
 
Pseudoboa coronata

Black-headed Scarlet Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Caldeira Costa, Cotta & MacCulloch 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008
 
Pseudoboa martinsi

Pale-collared Scarlet Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frazao, Campos, Oliveira, Carvalho & Hrbek 2017 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008
 
Pseudoboa neuwiedii

Northern Scarlet Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008
 
Pseudoboa nigra

Blackish Scarlet Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Orofino, Pizzatto & Marques 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Pseudoeryx (Dusky Mud Snakes)
 
Pseudoeryx plicatilis

Dusky Mud Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota & Yuki 2005 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Scartozzoni, Trevine & Germano 2010
Genus Psomophis (Smooth Ground Snakes)
 
Psomophis joberti

Brazilian Ground Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Myers & Cadle 1994 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Rhinobothryum (Ringed Snakes)
 
Rhinobothryum lentiginosum

Amazon Ringed Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bazzo Miranda, Albuquerque & Mendes Venancio 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha & Nascimento 1976 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Gomes de Arruda, Carvalho & Kawashita-Ribeiro 2015
Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Sibon nebulatus

Cloudy Snail Eater

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Oitaven, Moura, Freitas & Franca 2018 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)
 
Siphlophis cervinus

Common Liana Snake

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Zaher & Prudente 1999
 
Siphlophis compressus

Red-headed Liana Snake

Abegg, Santos, Ortiz, Moraes & Freitas 2017 Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Guedes, Nunes, Prudente & Marques 2011 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Siphlophis worontzowi

Amazon Liana Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa, Sao-Pedro & Feio 2010 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Moravec, Aparicio, Guerrero-Reinhard & Calderon 2009 Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017 Santos, Guimaraes-Guedes & Ribeiro 2003 Vechio, Teixeira-Junior, Neto & Rodrigues 2015
Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)
 
Spilotes pullatus

Chicken Snake

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Spilotes sulphureus

Yellow-bellied Puffing Snake

Amaral 1949 Andrade, Santos-Almeida & Reis-Dias 2017 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Genus Taeniophallus (Lowland Dwarf Leaf-litter Snakes)
 
Taeniophallus brevirostris

Short-nosed Leaf-litter Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Morais, Mott, Kawashita-Ribeiro & Santos 2010 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Santos, Di-Bernardo & Lema 2008 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Taeniophallus nicagus

Northern Leaf-litter Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)
 
Tantilla melanocephala

South American Black-headed Centipede Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Barbour 1914 [as Elapomorphus nuchalis] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Sawaya & Sazima 2003 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Valls Moraes & Yuki 1998 Wilson & Mena 1980 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Thalesius (Guiana Green Snake)
 
Thalesius viridis

Guiana Green Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 [as Xenodon werneri]
Genus Thamnodynastes (South American Mock Vipers)
 
Thamnodynastes pallidus

Common South American Mock Viper

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021
Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)
 
Xenodon merremii

Toad-eating Mock Lancehead

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Gunther 1863 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 
Xenodon rabdocephalus

Common Mock Lancehead

Amaral 1949 [as colubrinus] Andrade-Lima, Freitas, Dubeux, Sales Nunes, Roberto & Carvalho Kokubum 2020 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Xenodon severus

Giant Mock Lancehead

Amaral 1949 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Genus Xenopholis (South American Flat-headed Snakes)
 
Xenopholis scalaris

Northern Flat-headed Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hamdan, Machado & Citeli 2015 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
 
Xenopholis undulatus

Southern Flat-headed Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Loebmann 2009
Genus Xenoxybelis (South American Vine Snakes)
 
Xenoxybelis argenteus

Green-striped Vine Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Prudente, Silva, Rocha & Franco 2008 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Genus Zonateres (Pantanal Mock Viper)
 
Zonateres lanei

Pantanal Mock Viper

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Bailey, Thomas & Silva 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Franco, Trevine, Montingelli & Zaher 2017 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Leptomicrurus (Black-backed Coral Snakes)
 
Leptomicrurus collaris

Guianan Black-backed Coral Snake

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)
 
Micrurus averyi

Black-headed Coral Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Passos 2003
 
Micrurus diutius

Trinidad Ribbon Coral Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
 
Micrurus filiformis

South American Slender Coral Snake

Amaral 1949 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Roze 1996 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Micrurus hemprichii

Worm-eating Coral Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Bernarde, Turci, Abegg & Franco 2018 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Roze 1996 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Micrurus lemniscatus

Northern Ribbon Coral Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Campbell & Lamar 1989 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Roze 1996 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Micrurus paraensis

Para Coral Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Feitosa, Prudente & Lima 2007 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011 Roze 1996 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
 
Micrurus psyches

Carib Coral Snake

Campbell & Lamar 1989 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Micrurus spixii

Central Amazonian Coral Snake

Amaral 1949 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus surinamensis

Amazonian Aquatic Coral Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Roze 1996 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)
  *
Epictia albifrons

Yellow-headed Thread Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Wallach 2016
 
Epictia tenella

Guyana Thread Snake

Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 Wallach 2016
Genus Siagonodon (Mandible-toothed Thread Snakes)
 
Siagonodon cupinensis

Mato Grosso Thread Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2018 Pinto & Curcio 2011
 
Siagonodon septemstriatus

Eastern Seven-lined Thread Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Pinto & Curcio 2011
Genus Trilepida (Three-scaled Thread Snakes)
 
Trilepida fuliginosa

Preto River Thread Snake

Guedes, Queiroz, Sousa & Hamdan 2020
 
Trilepida macrolepis

Large-scaled Thread Snake

Adalsteinsson, Branch, Trape, Vitt & Hedges 2009 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Passos, Caramaschi & Pinto 2006 Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Pinto & Fernandes 2017
 Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes)
Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)
 
Amerotyphlops brongersmianus

Bahia Blind Snake

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
 
Amerotyphlops minuisquamus

Amazon Basin Blind Snake

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Amerotyphlops reticulatus

Reticulated Blind Snake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Bothrocophias (Toad-headed Pitvipers)
 
Bothrocophias hyoprora

Amazonian Toad-headed Pitviper

Carvalho, Fraga, Eler, Kawashita-Ribeiro, Feldberg, Vogt, Carvalho, Noronha, Condrati & Bittencourt 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Oliveira, Araujo, Prudente, Fraga, Almeida & Ascenso 2018
Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)
 
Bothrops atrox

Common Lancehead

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Bothrops bilineatus

Two-striped Forest Pitviper

Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Bernarde, Costa, Machado & Avelar Sao Pedro 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
 
Bothrops brazili

Southern Velvety Lancehead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
 
Bothrops marajoensis

Marajo Lancehead

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
 
Bothrops oligobalius

Northern Velvety Lancehead

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
 
Bothrops taeniatus

Speckled Forest Pitviper

Amaral 1949 [as castelnaudi] Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as castelnaudi] Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 [as B. castelnaudi] Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Souza, Venancio, Freitas, Souza & Verissimo 2013 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)
 
Crotalus durissus

South American Rattlesnake

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998
Genus Lachesis (Bushmasters)
 
Lachesis muta

South American Bushmaster

Amaral 1949 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Fernandes, Franco & Fernandes 2004 Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016 Yuki & Santos 1998

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Chelidae (Austro-American Side-necked Turtles)
Genus Chelus (Matamatas)
 
Chelus fimbriata

Southern Matamata

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lima Silveira 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Pritchard 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Vargas-Ramirez, Caballero, Morales-Betancourt, Lasso, Amaya, Martinez, Silva Viana, Vogt, Pires Farias, Hrbek, Campbell & Fritz 2020
Genus Mesoclemmys (Hump-backed Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Mesoclemmys gibba

Gibba Toad-headed Turtle

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Brito, Fagundes, Strussmann, Pignati & Vogt 2012 Brito, Strussmann, Kawashita-Ribeiro, Morais, Avila & Campos 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lima Silveira 2011 Mittermeier, Rhodin, Medem, Soini, Hoogmoed & Espinoza 1978 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
  *
Mesoclemmys jurutiensis

Juruti Toad-headed Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Sampaio, Carneiro & Vogt 2021
 
Mesoclemmys nasuta

Guianan Toad-headed Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Mesoclemmys raniceps

Amazon Toad-headed Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Balensiefer & Vogt 2012 Brito, Martins Valadao, Cunha, Araujo, Viana & Fernandes Medice 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fritz & Havas 2006 Molina, Machado & Zaher 2012 [as heliostemma] Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
  *
Mesoclemmys sabiniparaensis

Araguaia Toad-headed Turtle

Cunha, Sampaio, Carneiro, Vogt, Mittermeier, Rhodin & Andrade 2022
 
Mesoclemmys wermuthi

Black-lined Toad-headed Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Phrynops (Lesser Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Phrynops geoffroanus

Brazilian Toad-headed Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Vanzolini 1994
Genus Platemys (Twist-necked Turtle)
 
Platemys platycephala

Twist-necked Turtle

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Morcatty, Valsecchi & Rocha 2014 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Rhinemys (Red Amazon Side-necked Turtle)
 
Rhinemys rufipes

Red Amazon Side-necked Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Magnusson & Vogt 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta

Loggerhead Sea Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Santos, Soares-e-Soares, Marcovaldi, Silveira-Monteiro, Giffoni & Padua-Almeida 2011
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas

Green Sea Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Pritchard 1979
Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)
 
Eretmochelys imbricata

Hawksbill Sea Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)
 
Lepidochelys olivacea

Olive Ridley Sea Turtle

Castilhos, Coelho, Argolo, Santos, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea

Leatherback Sea Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Padua-Almeida, Thome, Baptistotte, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)
 
Rhinoclemmys punctularia

Eastern Spotted-legged Turtle

Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Dornas, Malvasio & Pinheiro 2011 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)
 
Kinosternon scorpioides

Scorpion Mud Turtle

Berry & Iverson 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Iverson 1992 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Podocnemididae (Giant Side-necked Turtles)
Genus Peltocephalus (Big-headed Amazon River Turtle)
 
Peltocephalus dumerilianus

Big-headed Amazon River Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Batista Dezincourt & Rodriques Maia 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Podocnemis (South American Side-necked River Turtles)
 
Podocnemis erythrocephala

Red-headed Amazon River Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 McCord & Joseph-Ouni 2002 Mittermeier, Vogt, Bernhard & Ferrara 2015 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Vogt & al. 1991
 
Podocnemis expansa

Giant South American River Turtle

Alves & Santana 2008 Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Podocnemis sextuberculata

Six-tubercled Amazon River Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 McCord & Joseph-Ouni 2002 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Podocnemis unifilis

Yellow-spotted Amazon River Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Haller & Rodrigues 2005 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Pignati, Dattilo & Pezzuti 2011 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
Genus Chelonoidis (South American Tortoises)
 
Chelonoidis carbonarius

South American Red-footed Tortoise

Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Silva Pinto & Yuki 1999
 
Chelonoidis denticulatus

South American Yellow-footed Tortoise

Avila-Pires 2005 Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021