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Biodiversity of the reptile genera of
Indonesia
excl. introduced, extinct, unconfirmed, and unnamed species
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
Family Crocodylidae
(Crocodiles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Gavialidae
(Gharials)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Tomistoma (Malayan Gharial) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Lizards (Sauria)
Family Agamidae
(Agamas and Dragons)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Acanthosaura (Pricklenapes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Aphaniotis (Earless Agamas) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Bronchocela (Long-tailed Agamas) 4 2 50.0 % 0.5 %
Calotes (Forest Agamas) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Chlamydosaurus (Frilled Lizard) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Dendragama (Sumatran Tree Agamas) 3 3 100.0 % 0.4 %
Draco (Gliding Dragons) 23 13 56.5 % 2.9 %
Gonocephalus (Western Anglehead Agamas) 10 5 50.0 % 1.2 %
Harpesaurus (Sunda Horned Agamas) 5 4 80.0 % 0.6 %
Hydrosaurus (Sail-tailed Agamas) 2 2 100.0 % 0.2 %
Hypsilurus (Eastern Anglehead Agamas) 11 2 18.2 % 1.4 %
Leiolepis (Butterfly Agamas) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Lophocalotes (Sumatra Crested Agamas) 2 2 100.0 % 0.2 %
Lophosaurus (Papuan-Australian Anglehead Agamas) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Phoxophrys (Indonesian Shrub Agamas) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Pseudocalotes (Long-headed Agamas) 6 6 100.0 % 0.7 %
Thaumatorhynchus (Bengkulu Horned Agama) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Tropicagama (Northern Water Dragon) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Anguidae
(Slowworms. etc.)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Dopasia (Oriental Glass Lizards) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Family Dibamidae
(Blind Skinks)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Dibamus (Oriental Blind Skinks) 7 5 71.4 % 0.9 %
Family Eublepharidae
(Eyelid Geckos)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Aeluroscalabotes (Cat Gecko) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Gekkonidae
(Typical Geckos)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Cnemaspis (Afro-Asian Rock and Forest Geckos) 16 14 87.5 % 2.0 %
Cyrtodactylus (Australasian Bent-toed Geckos) 43 29 67.4 % 5.3 %
Gehyra (Four-clawed Geckos) 10 3 30.0 % 1.2 %
Gekko (Typical Geckos) 5 1 20.0 % 0.6 %
Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos) 5 0 0.0 % 0.6 %
Hemiphyllodactylus (Slender Geckos) 3 2 66.7 % 0.4 %
Lepidodactylus (Scaly-toed Geckos) 7 4 57.1 % 0.9 %
Luperosaurus (Flap-legged Geckos) 4 3 75.0 % 0.5 %
Nactus (Hook-toed Geckos) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Ptychozoon (Gliding Geckos) 4 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Family Lacertidae
(Typical Lizards)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Takydromus (Oriental Grass Lizards) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Lanthanotidae
(Earless Monitor Lizard)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Lanthanotus (Earless Monitor Lizard) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Pygopodidae
(Flap-footed Lizards)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Lialis (Long-headed Scaly-foots) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Family Scincidae
(Skinks)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Apterygodon (Bornean Striped Tree Skink) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Brachymeles (Indo-Malayan Slender Skinks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Carlia (Australian-Pacific Rainbow Skinks) 13 10 76.9 % 1.6 %
Cryptoblepharus (Indo-Pacific Snake-eyed Skinks) 9 7 77.8 % 1.1 %
Ctenotus (Australian Comb-eared Skinks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Dasia (Indo-Malayan Tree Skinks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Emoia (Emo Skinks) 34 12 35.3 % 4.2 %
Eremiascincus (Glossy Night Skinks & Sand Swimmers) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Eugongylus (Short-legged Giant Skinks) 5 2 40.0 % 0.6 %
Eutropis (South Asian Sun Skinks) 8 4 50.0 % 1.0 %
Glaphyromorphus (Short-legged Mulch Skinks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Lamprolepis (Malay Archipelago Tree Skinks) 4 1 25.0 % 0.5 %
Larutia (Malay Slender Forest Skinks) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Lipinia (Indo-Pacific Striped Skinks) 17 6 35.3 % 2.1 %
Lobulia (Papuan Comb-eared Skinks) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Lygisaurus (Australian-Papuan Leaf-Litter Skinks) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Lygosoma (Supple Skinks) 4 3 75.0 % 0.5 %
Papuascincus (Papuan Slender Skinks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Parvoscincus (Philippine Dwarf Forest Skinks) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Prasinohaema (Green Tree Skinks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Sphenomorphus (Indo-Pacific Forest Skinks) 43 20 46.5 % 5.3 %
Tiliqua (Blue-tongued Skinks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Tribolonotus (Casque-headed Skinks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Tropidophorus (Stream Skinks) 5 2 40.0 % 0.6 %
Tytthoscincus (Dwarf Leaf-litter Skinks) 5 4 80.0 % 0.6 %
Family Varanidae
(Monitor Lizards)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Varanus (Monitor Lizards) 27 15 55.6 % 3.4 %
Snakes (Serpentes)
Family Acrochordidae
(Australasian File Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Acrochordus (Australasian File Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Anomochilidae
(Dwarf Pipe Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Anomochilus (Dwarf Pipe Snakes) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Family Boidae
(Typical Boas)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Candoia (Pacific Boas) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Family Colubridae
(Typical Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Ahaetulla (Oriental Whip Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Anoplohydrus (Sumatran Keelback) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Boiga (Australasian Cat Snakes) 10 3 30.0 % 1.2 %
Calamaria (Oriental Reed Snakes) 44 28 63.6 % 5.5 %
Calamorhabdium (Indonesian Iridescent Snakes) 2 2 100.0 % 0.2 %
Ceratophallus (Indonesian Striped Keelback) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Chrysopelea (Flying Tree Snakes) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Coelognathus (Oriental Rat Snakes) 5 1 20.0 % 0.6 %
Dendrelaphis (Bronzebacks) 19 5 26.3 % 2.4 %
Elaphe (Palearctic-Oriental Rat Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Elapoidis (Sunda Mountain Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Etheridgeum (Sumatran Burrowing Snake) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Fowlea (Fishing Keelbacks) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Gongylosoma (Southeast Asian Ground Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Gonyosoma (Oriental Green Rat Snakes & Rainbow Tree Snake) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Hebius (Oriental Equatorial Keelbacks) 7 4 57.1 % 0.9 %
Hydrablabes (Bornean Water Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Iguanognathus (Iguana-jawed Snake) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Liopeltis (Stripe-necked Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Lycodon (Oriental Wolf Snakes) 9 2 22.2 % 1.1 %
Macropisthodon (Hooded Keelbacks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Oligodon (Kukri Snakes) 16 10 62.5 % 2.0 %
Opisthotropis (Mountain Stream Keelbacks) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Oreocalamus (Malaysian Mountain Reed Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Oreocryptophis (Red Mountain Rat Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Pseudorabdion (Dwarf Reed Snakes) 9 5 55.6 % 1.1 %
Pseudoxenodon (Mock Cobras) 3 2 66.7 % 0.4 %
Ptyas (Giant Rat Snakes) 5 1 20.0 % 0.6 %
Rabdion (Sulawesi Pointed Snakes) 2 2 100.0 % 0.2 %
Rhabdophis (Asian Keelbacks) 6 3 50.0 % 0.7 %
Sibynophis (Oriental Black-headed Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Stegonotus (Indo-Australian Ground Snakes) 14 10 71.4 % 1.7 %
Tetralepis (Javanese Mountain Snake) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Tropidonophis (Indo-Australian Keelbacks) 12 5 41.7 % 1.5 %
Xenelaphis (Asian Brown Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Xenochrophis (Oriental Painted Keelbacks) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Family Cylindrophiidae
(Asian Pipe Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Cylindrophis (Oriental Pipe Snakes) 9 7 77.8 % 1.1 %
Family Elapidae_1
(Cobras. Mambas. etc.)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Acanthophis (Death Adders) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Aspidomorphus (Papuan Crowned Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Bungarus (Kraits) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Calliophis (South Asian Coral Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Demansia (Australian-Papuan Whip Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Furina (Australian Naped Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Micropechis (Papuan Small-eyed Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Naja (Typical Cobras) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Ophiophagus (King Cobra) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Oxyuranus (Taipans) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Pseudechis (Australian Black Snakes & King Brown Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Pseudonaja (Australian Brown Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Rhinoplocephalus (Australian Small-eyed Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Toxicocalamus (Papuan Worm-eating Snakes) 4 1 25.0 % 0.5 %
Family Elapidae_2
(Sea Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Aipysurus (Olive Sea Snakes) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Emydocephalus (Turtle-headed Sea Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Hydrelaps (Port Darwin Smooth Sea Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes) 24 1 4.2 % 3.0 %
Kolpophis (Granular Sea Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Laticauda (Sea Kraits) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %
Microcephalophis (Small-headed Sea Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Parahydrophis (Arafura Smooth Sea Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Thalassophis (Scale-snouted Sea Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Gerrhopilidae
(Indo-Malayan Blind Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Gerrhopilus (Indo-Malayan Blind Snakes) 2 2 100.0 % 0.2 %
Family Homalopsidae
(Australasian Mud Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Brachyorrhos (Moluccan Short-tailed Snakes) 4 4 100.0 % 0.5 %
Calamophis (Doberai Stout-tailed Snakes) 4 4 100.0 % 0.5 %
Cerberus (Dog-faced Water Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Djokoiskandarus (Trans-Fly Mangrove Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Enhydris (Asian Mud Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Fordonia (White-bellied Mangrove Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Heurnia (Mamberamo River Water Snake) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Homalophis (Bornean Mud Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Homalopsis (Masked Water Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Hypsiscopus (Orange-bellied Mud Snake & Matanna Mud Snake) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Karnsophis (Sumatra Short-tailed Snake) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Miralia (Greater Sunda Mud Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Myron (Indo-Australian Mangrove Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Phytolopsis (Blackwater Mud Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Pseudoferania (Australian Mud Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Sumatranus (White-spotted Mud Snake) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Family Lamprophiidae
(House Snakes. etc.)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Psammodynastes (Asian Mock Vipers) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Pareidae
(Oriental Slug Eaters)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Aplopeltura (Blunt-headed Slug Eater) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Asthenodipsas (Malayan Slug Eaters) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Pareas (Typical Oriental Slug Eaters) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Family Pythonidae
(Pythons)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Antaresia (Australian Dwarf Pythons) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Bothrochilus (Bismarck Ringed Python & White-lipped Pythons) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Liasis (Water Pythons & Australian Olive Python) 5 2 40.0 % 0.6 %
Malayopython (Malayan Pythons) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Morelia (Carpet Pythons & allies) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Python (Typical Pythons) 4 0 0.0 % 0.5 %
Simalia (Scrub Pythons) 5 3 60.0 % 0.6 %
Family Typhlopidae
(Typical Blind Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Anilios (Australian Blind Snakes) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Argyrophis (Southeast Asian Blind Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Cyclotyphlops (Malawa Blind Snake) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Indotyphlops (South Asian Blind Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Malayotyphlops (Malay Archipelago Blind Snakes) 2 1 50.0 % 0.2 %
Ramphotyphlops (Western Pacific Blind Snakes) 9 7 77.8 % 1.1 %
Sundatyphlops (Lesser Sunda Blind Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Viperidae
(Vipers)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Calloselasma (Malayan Pitviper) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Craspedocephalus (Ridge-nosed Tree Pitvipers) 4 3 75.0 % 0.5 %
Daboia (Daboias) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Ovophis (Asian Mountain Pitvipers) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Parias (Malay Archipelago Pitvipers) 4 1 25.0 % 0.5 %
Popeia (South Asian Bamboo Pitvipers) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Trimeresurus (Oriental Pitvipers) 4 1 25.0 % 0.5 %
Tropidolaemus (Temple Pitvipers) 3 1 33.3 % 0.4 %
Family Xenodermidae
(Asian Litter Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Xenodermus (Rough-backed Litter Snake) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Xenopeltidae
(Asian Sunbeam Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Xenopeltis (Asian Sunbeam Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Xenophidiidae
(Spiny-jawed Snakes)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Xenophidion (Spiny-jawed Snakes) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Turtles (Testudines)
Family Carettochelyidae
(Pig-nosed Turtle)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Carettochelys (Pig-nosed Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Chelidae
(Austro-American Side-necked Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Chelodina (Indo-Australian Snake-necked or Long-necked Turtles) 6 1 16.7 % 0.7 %
Elseya (Papuan-Australian Snapping Turtles) 4 1 25.0 % 0.5 %
Emydura (Australian Short-necked Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Cheloniidae
(Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Natator (Flatback Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Dermochelyidae
(Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Geoemydidae
(Eastern Pond Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Batagur (River Terrapins) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Cuora (Asian Box Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Cyclemys (Asian Leaf Turtles) 2 0 0.0 % 0.2 %
Heosemys (Forest Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Leucocephalon (Sulawesi Forest Turtle) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Notochelys (Malayan Flat-shelled Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Orlitia (Malaysian Giant Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Siebenrockiella (Black Marsh Turtle & Philippine Pond Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Testudinidae
(Tortoises)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Indotestudo (Asian Tortoises) 1 1 100.0 % 0.1 %
Manouria (Indochinese Tortoises) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Family Trionychidae
(Softshell Turtles)
Species Endemic
species
Endemism
(species)
Species in % of all
reptile species in
Indonesia
Amyda (Southeast Asian Softshell Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Chitra (Narrow-headed Softshell Turtles) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Dogania (Malayan Softshell Turtle) 1 0 0.0 % 0.1 %
Pelochelys (Indomalayan Giant Softshell Turtles) 3 0 0.0 % 0.4 %